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Mobility in the Wireless and Wired World

Mobility in the Wireless and Wired World. Hannu H. KARI Helsinki University of Technology (HUT) professor/TML-laboratory/CS/HUT director/TOTI-Institute/HUT Hannu.Kari@hut.fi, http://www.tcm.hut.fi/~hhk. Agenda. 1. Telecom vs. datacom views 2. Wired/wireless access 3. Mobility in IP world

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Mobility in the Wireless and Wired World

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  1. Mobility in the Wireless and Wired World Hannu H. KARI Helsinki University of Technology (HUT) professor/TML-laboratory/CS/HUT director/TOTI-Institute/HUTHannu.Kari@hut.fi, http://www.tcm.hut.fi/~hhk Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  2. Agenda 1. Telecom vs. datacom views 2. Wired/wireless access 3. Mobility in IP world 4. Mobile applications 5. Mobile services 6. Future interests 7. Conclusions 8. More information Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  3. 1. Telecom view Voice Video Internet SMS Mobile phone UMTS GSM Multimedia banking GPRS Coke, parking E-commerce WAP Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  4. 1. Datacom view Voice WEB Video Multimedia Mobility Security IP Token Ring Ethernet GPRS WLAN Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  5. 1. Datacom view Voice WEB Video Multimedia IP Mobility Security Token Ring Ethernet GPRS WLAN Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  6. 2. Wired/wireless access • Fast development of IP based fixed local networks • 10 Mbps -> 100 Mbps -> 1 Gbps -> … • All that in just few years! • And what has happened in telecom world? • Wireless transmission follows the development of wired networks • … but wired communication has been always 10…100x faster than wireless • Enhancements on wireless communication • WLAN speed went up 2 Mbps => 11 Mbps in just two years, 100 Mbps is coming Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  7. 2. Wired/wireless capacity Fixed WLAN 1Gbps Telecom 100Mbps Satellite 10Mbps Max transfer speed 1Mbps 100kbps 10kbps 1kbps 0.1m 1m 10m 100m 1km 10km 100km Mobile’s distance Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  8. 2.1. Wireless access: Hot/warm/cold/frozen spots • Not all areas are covered with same unwired communication capacity • Distance from the wireless access point • Used frequency • Number of other users in the area • Indoors/outdoors • Popularity of the area (city/rural) • … Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  9. 2.1. Wireless access: Hot/warm/cold/frozen spots • Users/applications will see various capacities • Indoors • (tens of) megabits/s • Outdoors • City: tens/hundreds of kilobits/s • Rural: (tens of) kilobits/s • Very remote areas (oceans, forest, …): few bits/s • Some places • No capacity at all Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  10. 2.1. Wireless access: Hot/warm/cold/frozen spots frozen cold warm hot user’s travel path Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  11. 3. Mobility in IP world • Mobility levels • Macro/Micro/Nano mobility • Standard Mobile IP • Originally intended for infrequent mobility • Slow change between access points • All updates go all the way to home (HA) • Hierarchical Mobile IP • Dynamics, HUT Mobile IP -project Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  12. 3.1 Mobility levels • Macro mobility • Mobility between organizations or technologies • E.g., from GPRS to WLAN network • Micro mobility • Mobility within an organization between access points • E.g., from one WLAN access point to another • Nano mobility (Term introduced by HUT/MART-project) • Mobility within an access point • E.g., from direct access with access point to access via a repeater link Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  13. 3.2 Mobility levels:Macro mobility Corresponding host Home Same route Internet Encapsulated, alternative routes Organization 2 Organization 1 Mobile node Mobile node Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  14. 3.3 Mobility levels:Micro mobility Corresponding host Home Same route Internet Encapsulated, alternative routes Organization 2 Organization 1 Encapsulated, alternative routes Mobile node Mobile node Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  15. 3.4 Mobility levels:Nano mobility Corresponding host Home Same route Internet Encapsulated, alternative routes Encapsulated, alternative routes Organization 2 Organization 1 Mobile node Mobile node Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  16. 3.5 Standard Mobile IP • Traditional Mobile IP • Updates always the home agent HA Internet FA FA FA FA FA FA MN Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  17. 3.6 Hierarchical mobility • Enhanced, hierarchical Mobile IP • Updates only up to the level needed HA 1 7 Internet FA 1 4 FA FA FA 1 6 7 8 3 4 2 5 FA FA FA FA FA FA FA FA 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 MN Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  18. 4. Mobile applications • Impacts of mobility on applications • Adjust applications to available capacity • E.g., change video coding • Activate/deactivate applications according to available capacity • E.g., download emails when enough capacity • Take into consideration also the cost of transmission • E.g., wait for low cost service or change the place to get cheap access Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  19. 5. Mobile services • Pull-type services • Email, WWW, … • Push-type services • News, stock info, weather, road info, … • Location based information • Services using location knowledge • Local advertisements, services, attractions • Services using spare time of the user • Games, entertainment, virtual tags Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  20. 6. Future interests • Applications/services coping with • Variable • bandwidth, transfer delay, processing capacity, terminal capabilities, transfer cost, temporary coverageloss, … • Different • terminal types, operating systems, manufacturers, radio protocols, … • Applications/services must be • configurable, self-learning, adaptable, scaleable Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  21. 7. Conclusions • IP rules! Wired and wireless world will be integrated • Mobility comes everywhere • Multiple radio standards, low cost radios • Common nominator of all systems is IP • Common everyday technologies in the near future • Transmission (IP), security (data protection, authetication, e-commerce), mobility (ubicomp) • Future focus on • Service platforms, content, user aspects, usability, AND control of digital information Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

  22. 8. More information • http://www.cs.hut.fi/TOTI • http://www.cs.hut.fi/Research/Dynamics/ • http://www.mediapoli.com/ • http://www.otaverkko.fi/ Hannu H. Kari/HUT/CS/TML

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