BASIC OVERVIEW OF AN ALL OPTICAL INTERNET

1. BASIC OVERVIEW OF AN ALLOPTICAL INTERNET Arun Nirmal

2. Introduction • Presentation on overview of Optical Internet, basic issues and Characteristics and Future Scope by Arun Nirmal Dept of EE Arun Nirmal

3. New Internet much IP address space Enhanced Internet Wealthy Internet Industry New Internet Business Improved User Environment Next Generation Internet Infrastructure Optical Internet Adoption of IPv6 Current Internet QoS Home Networking Bandwidth Routing IP addresses Security Wireless/Wired Interworking Vision of New Internet Arun Nirmal

4. Topics of Discussion • Basic Definition of Optical Internet • Purpose of Optical Internet • Technologies and Methods of building optical Internet • Future Scope Arun Nirmal

5. What is an Optical Internet? • Any Internet network where the network link layer connections are "dedicated" wavelengths on an Wave Division Multiplexed (WDM) optical fiber directly connected to a high performance network router • The high performance network router replaces traditional ATM and SONET/SDH switching • statistical multiplexing device that controls wavelength access, switching, routing and protection. Arun Nirmal

6. Why build an optical Internet • Considerable Debate in Telecom Industry for best technology for transporting IP services. • So IP over ATM and optical IP services will exist in parallel to meet the spectrum of customer requirements for IP networking. • This is true with the advent high density WDM systems which can support a multitude of transport service delivery mechanisms from traditional SONET/SDH services to the new optical ATM and IP architectures. • Internet traffic will continue to grow exponentially. Therefore, for the bulk of traffic all that is required is a "best efforts" or an "ensured" delivery service then high volume IP pipes would seem to be the most appropriate technology. Arun Nirmal

7. MOREOVER… • Huge demand for network solutions that provide guaranteed qualities of service and well managed traffic engineering solutions, particularly for mission critical applications. • Efficiencies and cost savings can be gained from single layer management of survivability. • For accommodating the huge anticipated capacity requirements of the Internet, an Optical Internet would be more efficient. • With high density WDM neither the "bell heads" or the "net heads" are losers in the protocol wars. The winner is the customer in terms of increased choice in network offerings, services and cost savings. Arun Nirmal

8. Features of All Optical Internet • High Density Wave Division Multiplexing • High Bandwidth • Higher Speed • Fast connectivity • Bit-rate independence with any service or port connectivity up to 10Gb/s Arun Nirmal

9. DESIGN COMPONENTS OF OPTICAL NETWORKING • Fiber types • Lasers • Optical Couplers • Electrical repeaters • Transponders • Optical Add Drop Mux • Cross Connects and Switches • WDM Standards and Interoperability Arun Nirmal

10. COMPONENTS - OPTICAL ADD/DROP MULTIPLEXERS Arun Nirmal

11. DWDM out DWDM in 100101 O Digital Control Purely Photonic Wavelength Cross-connect COMPONENTS – CROSS CONNECTS Arun Nirmal

12. COMPONENTS - OPTICAL COUPLERS Arun Nirmal

13. BASIC ARCHITECTURE • Principle designing feature is Use of High Density WDM to deliver individual wavelengths to high performance routers • Wavelengths are coupled and re-coupled from the fiber using WDM Coupler – optical Add–drop Mux • Output and input of the WDM coupler are simple fiber connectors which direct data on the original wavelength to either the traditional SONET or high performance router Arun Nirmal

14. Optical IP Municipal Area Network Municipal area WDM Network products support up to 64 WDM channels up to 80 Km without a repeater They provide Complete data Transparency Used to deliver Analog signals such as videos, as well as data on the individual wavelengths Can provide 150 point to point Connections. Each channel can support a dedicated Gigabit Ethernet. Arun Nirmal

15. POP = Point of Presence Add/Drop Multiplexer Internet backbone Internet backbone ADM ADM POP POP Campus network Local network ADM ADM ADM ADM Local network Campus network Access network Access network Conventional MANs • Point to point SONET technology (WDM + TDM): • Fixed bandwidth circuits to the POP • Centralized switching at POP: • Logical topology is a star. Arun Nirmal

16. CURRENT ISSUES WITH MAN • MAN’s are a Vital Link between WAN and LAN • The Problems of Conventional MANs are • scalability • Ability to handle increasing data traffic (as opposed to voice); • Fast provisioning infrastructure; • Handling future traffic trends such as increasing intra-MAN traffic. Arun Nirmal

17. SAMPLE MODEL OF OPTICAL INTERNET - CANADA Arun Nirmal

18. FUTURE OF OPTICAL NETWORKS • Optical-layer technology will increase network capacity, allowing network providers to transport more than 40 times the traffic on the same fiber infrastructure. • ultimately lead to lower prices, and competition in the local exchange • Consumers will have access to new high-bandwidth services made possible by the increased capacity afforded by the optical layer. • Services like videoconferencing to the desktop (or home), electronic commerce, and high-speed video imaging, will become commonplace Arun Nirmal

19. Conclusion • Their capacity is doubling annually toward a terabit per second per fiber. • Optical Internet networks will provide for simple to manage, high bandwidth services for internet exchanges and local loop facilities. • WDM Networks supporting an Optical Internet and Other services will be a major driver for future network architectures. • This will eventually reduce the cost and complexity of future internet delivery Arun Nirmal

20. GLOSSARY • ATM asynchronous transfer mode • DWDM dense wavelength division multiplexing • ETDM electronic time division multiplexing • MAN metropolitan-area network • OADM optical add/drop multiplexer • OSNR optical signal-to-noise ratio • OTDM optical time division multiplexing • OXC optical cross-connect • SONET synchronous optical network Arun Nirmal

21. References • his.etri.re.kr/share/optical.html • www.cttcgroup.com/opticalinternet.html • www.nortelnetworks.com • www.mfn.com • www.eurescom.de • www.opticalinternet.com • www.cox.com • oirc.icu.ac.kr • www.sciam.com Arun Nirmal