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The first certified Passive House in Norway

The first certified Passive House in Norway. Michael Klinski, Lars K. Halleraker Husbanken Region Øst 12th International Conference On Passive Houses 2008. Increased engagement in Low energy and Passive houses in Norway. Completed: Two-family house, Oslo 2005

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The first certified Passive House in Norway

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  1. The first certified PassiveHouse in Norway Michael Klinski, Lars K. HallerakerHusbanken Region Øst 12th International ConferenceOn Passive Houses 2008

  2. Increased engagement in Low energy and Passive houses in Norway Completed: Two-family house, Oslo 2005 Detached houseand 7 terracedhouses,Tromsø 2005/07 Detached house, Skien 2006

  3. Under construction: 28 flats in multi-story blocks, Bergen and some other projects, but none are certified or designed according to the PHPP

  4. Different definitions and standard values • Low energy residential building: not more than 100 kWh/m²a total net energy demand • Related to climatic conditions in Oslo • Includes all dwelling electricity • Indicates space heating demand about 30 kWh/m²a • Domestic hot water: 30 kWh/m²a (standard) • Lighting and technical equipment: 40 kWh/m²a • Internal heat gains: 6.8 W/m² • Passive house: under discussion

  5. Energy in residential buildings in Norway • Average dwelling unit:214 kWh/m²a total end energy consumption (mostly hydroelectricity) • National building code TEK 1997:60 - 90 kWh/m²a space heating demand • TEK from august 2009:120 - 140 kWh/m²a total net energy demand,40 - 60 kWh/m²a space heating demand indicated • Low electricity prices > high consumption!

  6. Mild coast and cold inland Oslo/Sørumsand

  7. The Passive house NorONE • Owner: Harald Ringstad, electrical engineer • Ambitions: • Certification by PHI • Self-sustained with energy over the year • Conditions: • Sørumsand, community east of Oslo • Yearly mean ambient temperature 6.2 °C • Winter design temperature – 20 °C • Global horizontal solar radiation 970 kWh/m²a

  8. Design and construction: • Dipl.-Ing. Stephan Blohm,passivbau°, Kaltenkirchen(including calculations and call for tenders) • Architect Toril Grønvold(advice for adaptation to site, built environment and universal design, no details) • Advice: Building research institute SINTEF Byggforsk • Elements: Holzbau Brüggemann, Neuenkirchen • Other components: Norwegian and Swedish • Grants and workshops: The Norwegian state housing bank Husbanken Outline by Toril Grønvold As built after adaptation byHarald Ringstad himself(balconies outstanding)

  9. Large, compact detached house • Total floor area 340 m², including80 m² flat to let in the basement • Form factor 0.65 • Universal design, suitable for wheelchairs • Main façade directly south-facing • Windows 14.4 % of floor area • Mostly south and west, only2.4 m² north-facing • Asymmetrical saddleback roof allows south-faced windowsin the attic

  10. Basement walls: expended clay elements with additional insulation

  11. Other walls and roof:prefabricated wooden elements with cellulose insulation (wall 2 layers)

  12. Slab on ground: 0.08 External walls basement 0.13 External walls otherwise 0.10 Roof: 0.10 Windows 0.77 External doors 0.75 U-values [W/m²K] (Thermal bridges negative) Wood fibreboards 35 mm Cellulose insulation 241 mm OSB 15 mm Cellulose insulation 140 mm Wall/window

  13. Technical equipment • Ventilation system with 80 % heat recovery, preheating via • ground coupled heat exchanger • Grey water heat exchanger • Vacuum tube solar collectors • Air-to-water heat pump • Auxiliary electric heating • Water based floor heating • Wood-burning stove • 37 m² PV-panel (?) • Monitoring system • Low energy lighting and A-labelled household appliances

  14. PHPP-calculations and air leakage test • Space heating demand 14 kWh/m²a • Space heating load 9.7 W/m²a • Total primary energy demand 85 kWh/m²a (based on German factor 2.7) • Result blower door test: 0.39 h-1 • Certification: some product documentation is still missing

  15. Critical discussion • Complex system • SINTEF Byggforsk: Too many components to be cost-efficient • Heat pump in addition to grey water heat exchanger and solar collectors costs more than it saves (remaining heat demand very low) • Stove not needed, but nearly a must in Norway • Nevertheless: the owner gets subsidies for these components…

  16. The first weeks in the Passive house • Some equipment and monitoring system delayed • - 14 °C: no problem to warm up only by using the stove • Floor heating + stove: too hot • Noticeable solar gains • Good air quality

  17. Lack of subsidies for solar cells • Husbanken promised 20 000 Euros, ca. 50 % • Harald Ringstad didn't find additionally sponsors • PV often usedfor cottages • Good output,but no subsidies • Today uncertain,if a PV-panelcan be installed

  18. Conclusions for Passive houses in Norway • Passive houses in the Oslo region: • design concept as in central Europe • acceptable insulation thickness • Restrictions for detached houses: • Very compact • Not too large windows • Some more insulation

  19. Solar input comparable with northern Germany, climatic conditions better than in Helsinki Solar radiation (kWh/m²a) on different façades. Reference: passivbau° Stephan Blohm

  20. Most Norwegian people live in regions where Passive houses can be built • Crucial to develop PH-concepts concerning • smallerdetachedhouses for • “normal”ownerswithoutextra-ordinaryambitionsor knowhow

  21. Web-references • www.norone.info • www.passivbau.net • www.husbanken.no • www.sintef.no/byggforsk

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