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Mitosis

Mitosis. Chromatin fibers become coiled into chromosomes with each chromosome having two chromatids joined at a centromere The mitotic spindle, composed of microtubules and proteins, forms in the cytoplasm

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Mitosis

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  1. Mitosis

  2. Chromatin fibers become coiled into chromosomes with each chromosome having two chromatids joined at a centromere The mitotic spindle, composed of microtubules and proteins, forms in the cytoplasm In animal cells, the mitotic spindle initially appear as asters which surround each centriole pair The two pairs of centrioles move away from one another toward oppostie ends of the cell The nuclear envelope breaks up Polar fibers, which are microtubules that make up the spindle fibers, reach from each cell pole to the cell’s equator Kinetochores attach to kinetochore fibers The kinetochore fibers interact with the spindle polar fibers connecting the kinetochores to the polar fibers The chromosomes begin to migrate toward the cell center Prophase

  3. Animal Plant

  4. Nuclear membrane disappears completely In animal cells, the two pair of centrioles align at opposite poles of the cell Polar fibers continue to extend from the poles to the center of the cell Chromosomes move randomly until they attach to polar fibers from both sides of their centromeres Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate at right angles to the spindle poles Chromosomes are held at the metaphase plate by the equal forces of the polar fibers pushing on the centromeres of the chromosomes the nuclear membrane fragmention is complete and the duplicated chromosomes line up along the cell's equator. metaphase

  5. Animal Plant

  6. The paired centromeres in each distinct chromosome begin to move apart The paired sister chromatids separate from one another, each is considered a full chromosome. They are referred to as daughter chromosomes The daughter chromosomes move to the poles at opposite ends of the cell Daughter chromosomes migrate centromere first and the kinetochore fibers become shorter as the chromosomes near a pole In preparation for telophase the two cell poles also move further apart during the course of anaphase. At the end of anaphase, each pole contains a complete compilation of chromosomes Anaphase

  7. Animal Plant

  8. Polar fibers continue to lengthen Nuclei begin to form at opposite poles The nuclear envelope of these nuclei are formed from remnant pieces of the parent cell’s nuclear envelope and from pieces of the endomembrane system Nucleoli reappear Chromatin fibers of chromosomes uncoil After these changes, mitosis is largely complete and the genetic contents of one cell have been divided equally into two Cytokinesis begins prior to the end of mitosis and completes shortly after, at the end of cytokinesis there are two distinct daughter cells Telophase

  9. Animal Plant

  10. http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/dna/mitosis/mitosis.htmlhttp://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/dna/mitosis/mitosis.html http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/dna/mitosis/pcprophaseA.html http://biology.about.com/od/mitosis/ss/mitosisstep.htm Works Cited

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