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Greek Theater

Greek Theater. Sophocles. Standards and objectives. ELACC9-10RL5: Analyze how an author’s choices concerning how to structure a text, order events within it (e.g., parallel plots), and manipulate time (e.g., pacing, flashbacks) create such effects as mystery, tension, or surprise.

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Greek Theater

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  1. Greek Theater Sophocles

  2. Standards and objectives • ELACC9-10RL5: Analyze how an author’s choices concerning how to structure a text, order events within it (e.g., parallel plots), and manipulate time (e.g., pacing, flashbacks) create such effects as mystery, tension, or surprise. • ELACC9-10RL6: Analyze a particular point of view or cultural experience reflected in a work of literature from outside the United States, drawing on a wide reading of world literature.

  3. Four Qualities of Greek Drama: • Performed for special festivals • Athens had four festivals worshipping Dionysus -- god of wine, fertility, rebirth • Competitive -- prizes awarded • Actors and playwrights competed • Choral -- singing seems to have been an important part • Some believe the chorus sang, moved, danced • Associated with religion • The chorus sang the main ideas of the play, provided point-of-view,and focused on issues of the play and implications of the action, established the play's ethical system, and participated in the action

  4. What makes it different? • Tragedy then Comedy • Violence and death happen offstage • Messengers to tell us what happens offstage • Stories based on myth or history • One character (The Chorus) is made up of 12 people who speak together. They represent the village elders.

  5. Parts of the Greek Theater • Orchestra Level space where the chorus would dance, sing, and interact with the actors. • Skene the building behind the stage where the actors made exits and entrances. • Parodos the paths by onto the Orchestra • Theatron audience seating on the hill

  6. Amphiaraion Theater

  7. Theater of Dionysis

  8. Sophocles (496-406 B.C.) • introduced the 3rd actor • fixed the chorus at 15 (had been 50) • complex characters • scenes climactic • poetry clear and beautiful • theme emphasized: the choices of people • wrote Oedipus Rex and Antigone

  9. Characteristics of a Tragic Hero • Royal or important • Must be good • Must be true to life • Has a tragic flaw often Hubris or Pride • Has a downfall • Audience pities him

  10. Aristotle’s Unities • unity of time —the play takes place in one day • unity of space —the play must takes place in one place • unity of action —the play deals with one idea

  11. Structure of Plays • Prologue: Spoken by one or two characters – provides the background • Parodos: Song sung by the chorus as it first enters the orchestra and dances. • Episode: (Scenes) When the characters and chorus talk. • Exodos: At the end of play, the chorus exits singing a song which offers words of wisdom related to the outcome of the play.

  12. Quiz 1-4 - Draw the Greek Theater and label it. 5. Greek theater did not start out as entertainment, but as a _________ ceremony. 6. The Chorus is made up of ___ _______. 7. Who is the author of the play? 8. Dionysius is the god of _____ and partying. 9. A tragic hero is bad or good? 10. Tragic heroes have a tragic ________, like pride.

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