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Clauses and Types of Sentences

Clauses and Types of Sentences. Clause. A group of words that has a subject and a verb and is used as part of a sentence. Types of Clauses. Independent – Main – expresses a complete thought-EX-I watched the Super Bowl.

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Clauses and Types of Sentences

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  1. Clauses and Types of Sentences

  2. Clause • A group of words that has a subject and a verb and is used as part of a sentence.

  3. Types of Clauses • Independent – Main – expresses a complete thought-EX-I watched the Super Bowl. • Subordinate – Needs help –Dependent- Can’t stand alone-After I watched the Super Bowl

  4. Types of Sentences • Sentences are classified by the number and types of clauses

  5. Simple Sentence • One independent clause • Ex-I watched the super bowl.

  6. Compound Sentence • Two independent clauses joined by either a comma and a coordinating conjunction or a semicolon • EX-I watched the super bowl, and I ate chips. • EX-I watched the super bowl; however, I forgot the chips.

  7. Coordinating Conjunctions • F A N B O YS-Join two independent clauses (with a comma) to form compound sentences. • For • And • Nor • But • Or • Yet • So

  8. Complex Sentence • One independent clause and at least one subordinate clause

  9. Subordinate Clauses • Adjective • Adverb

  10. Adjective Clause • Begins with a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, that, which) • Usually modifies the noun directly before it.

  11. Adjective clauses continued • Tells which one or what kind • Example: The quarterback who threw the interception lost the game. • (Modifies quarterback; tells which one)

  12. Restrictive clauses • A restrictive clause is necessary in order for the sentence to make sense, or is at least necessary to identify the noun. (That is, it “restricts” the noun or pronoun.) • Ex: Anyone who finds the lost dog should call the humane society. (Not just “anyone” should call-only the person who has found the dog.)

  13. Non-restrictive Clauses • A non-restrictive clause add information or description, but such a clause is not necessary in order to identify the noun. • Ex: Laurie, who was a good social studies student, decided to show the map to her teacher. (No restrictive clause is needed because Laurie is identified by name.)

  14. Punctuation Notes • A non-restrictive clause is set off by commas, but a restrictive clause is not.

  15. Adverb Clause • Begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, as, because, if, since, when • Describes a verb, adjective, or adverb of the independent clause.

  16. Adverb clauses continued • Answers the questions When? Where? In what way? To what extent? Under what conditions? or Why? • Tells when, where, how or why something happened. • Example: I turned on the TV before the Super Bowl started. (Modifies turned; tells when)

  17. Compound-Complex Sentence • Two independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause. The clauses are connected using correct punctuation.

  18. Let’s see if you were listening… • What are the five types of relative pronouns? • What are the coordinating conjunctions? • What type of clause is necessary in the sentence? Does it require commas? • What is a compound sentence? Complex? Compound Complex? • What are three subordinating conjunctions? What type of clause do they begin? • What questions do adverb clauses answers?

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