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Finite and Infinite Sets, Null set

Finite and Infinite Sets, Null set. Finite Set is the set there are the elements equal Integer numbers or zero. In an finite set all the members of the set can be listed. If A repersents the set , then repersents the numbers of elements in the set,we write n(A). or #(A).

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Finite and Infinite Sets, Null set

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  1. Finite and Infinite Sets, Null set Finite Set is the set there are the elements equal Integer numbers or zero. In an finite set all the members of the set can be listed. If A repersents the set , then repersents the numbers of elements in the set,we write n(A) or #(A) เซตจำกัด หมายถึง เซตซึ่งมีจำนวนสมาชิกเท่ากับ จำนวนเต็มบวกใดๆ หรือ ศูนย์

  2. Example n(A) = 9 A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} We say “ the set A is finite Set” n(B) = 3 B = {1, 2, 1, 2, 12} We say “ the set B is finite Set” C = {x | x isodd numbers between 10 and 26} n(C) = 8 C = {11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25} We say “ the set C is finite Set”

  3. D = {x | x ismotor-cycles in Phitsanulok Pittayakom School} We say “ the set D is finite Set” E = {x | x isa letter of the English alphabet} n(E) = 26 We say “ the set E is finite Set” F = {M, A, G, A, T, E} n(F) = 5 We say “ the set F is finite Set”

  4. Infinite Set is the set A that we can continue writing down the elementsof A indefintely, i,e.,A has an Infinite numbers of elements. Example N = {x | x isnatural numbers} Since, the elements of N has an infinte numbers. We say “ the set N is Infinite Set”

  5. E = {x | x iseven numbers} Since, the elements of E has an infinte numbers. We say “ the set E is Infinite Set” F = {x | x isfractions} Since, the elements of F has an infinte numbers. We say “ the set F is Infinite Set” G = {x | x issquares} Since, the elements of G has an infinte numbers. We say “ the set G is Infinite Set”

  6. P = {x  I| x < -4} Since, the elements of P has an infinte numbers. We say “ the set P is Infinite Set” Q = {xR | o < x < 2} Since, the elements of Q has an infinte numbers. We say “ the set Q is Infinite Set” R = {xI | x หารด้วย 5 ลงตัว} Since, the elements of R has an infinte numbers. We say “ the set R is Infinite Set”

  7. The empty set or the null set A set which contains non elements is called an empty set or a null set. It is denoted by { } or . Example เซตว่าง คือ เซตที่ไม่มีสมาชิกในเซตนั้นเลย A = {x R | x2 = -9} We say “ the set A is null Set” Such that, A = 

  8. B = {x | xN , x + 5 = 3} We say “ the set B is null Set” Such that, B =  C = {xN | 1 < x < 2} We say “ the set C is null Set” Such that, C =  D = {xI | x2 = 3} We say “ the set D is null Set” Such that, D = 

  9. Universe Set The set which contains all the orther sets in a discussion Is called the universal set. This is usually by the symbol U. Example U = The set of students in Phitsanulok Pittayakom School. U = The set of positive integers.

  10. Equal Setsand Equivalent Sets Equal Sets Definition Two set A and B equal , if and only if they haveexactly the same elements. It is written A = B บทนิยาม เซต A เท่ากับเซต B ก็ต่อเมื่อ เซตทั้งสองมีสมาชิก เหมือนกัน กล่าวคือ สมาชิกทุกตัวของเซต A เป็นสมาชิก ของเซต B และสมาชิกทุกตัวของเซต B เป็นสมาชิกของ เซต A เซต A เท่ากับ เซต B เขียนแทนด้วย A = B

  11. แต่ถ้ามีสมาชิกอย่างน้อยหนึ่งตัวของเซต A ที่ไม่ใช่สมาชิกของเซต B หรือ มีสมาชิกอย่างน้อยหนึ่งตัว ของเซต B ไม่ใช่สมาชิกของเซต A จะได้ว่า เซต A ไม่เท่ากับ เซต B หรือเขียนแทนด้วย A B เซตสองเซตไม่เท่ากันครับเพราะสมาชิกทั้งสองเซตต่างกันบางตัว

  12. Equivalent Sets Definition Two set A and B Equivalent , if and only if numbers of elements two set are equal. It is written A  B ข้อสังเกต ถ้า เซต A เท่ากับเซต B แล้ว เซต A เทียบเท่ากับ เซต B แต่ ถ้าเซต A เทียบเท่ากับ เซต B แล้ว เซต A ไม่จำเป็นต้อง เท่ากับเซต Bเขียนแทนด้วย A  B

  13. Example 10 B = { 2, 3, 5, 7} Let A = {2, 3, 5, 7} B = { x I+| x is prime numbers , x < 10} and A  B Hence, A = B Example 11 F = { . . . , -4, -2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8} Let E = {2, 4, 6, 8} F = { x I | x is even numbers , x < 10} and E  F Hence, E = F

  14. Example 12 s = { 1, 2, 3, 4} Let T = {1, 2, 3, 4} S = { x I| 0 < x  4} and T  S Hence, T = S Example 13 D  Fไม่เท่ากัน เพราะมีสมาชิกต่างกัน Let D = {1, {2}} F = {{1}, {2}} but D  F Hence, D = F

  15. Example 14Consider the following sets, two sets are aqual. A = {x | เป็นพยัญชนะในคำว่า “สุดสวย”} B = {x | เป็นพยัญชนะในคำว่า “สายสวาท”} C = {x | เป็นพยัญชนะในคำว่า “วัยสดสวย”} D = {x | เป็นพยัญชนะในคำว่า “วัดสวย”} B = {ส, ย, ว, ท} A = {ส, ด, ว, ย} D = {ว, ด, ส, ย} C = {ว, ส, ด, ย} Hence, A = C = D

  16. Example 15Consider the following sets, two sets are aqual. E = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} F = {x I | x3 – 4x2 + 3x = 0} G = {xI | -1 < x  4} H = {xR|-1< x  4} G = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} F = {0, 1, 3} Hence, E = G

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