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Nortel Networks Institute University of Waterloo

Nortel Networks Institute University of Waterloo. High Performance Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers: Enabling All-optical Circuits. Simarjeet Singh Saini Nanophotonics and Integrated Optoelectronics Group University of Waterloo. University of Waterloo. Semiconductor Amplifiers and Lasers.

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Nortel Networks Institute University of Waterloo

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  1. Nortel Networks InstituteUniversity of Waterloo

  2. High Performance Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers:Enabling All-optical Circuits Simarjeet Singh Saini Nanophotonics and Integrated Optoelectronics Group University of Waterloo University of Waterloo

  3. Semiconductor Amplifiers and Lasers

  4. Outline • Introduction • SOA performance in DWDM systems • Non-Uniform Current Distribution • SOA as non-linear elements for Optical Logic • Optical Header Recognition and Packet Routing • Monolithic Integration • Conclusion 4

  5. Introduction to SOAs • SOA Chip • Angled Facet Ridge or Buried Waveguide • AR Coated (R < 10-5) • Typical Performance Specifications • Gain: 10-20 dB • Saturation Output Power (Psat): 9-12 dBm • Noise Figure: 7-9 dB • Polarization Dependent Gain (PDG): 1.0 dB • Gain flatness: 3 dB

  6. WDM DEMUX SOA Applications WDM MUX

  7. SOA vs. EDFA SOA

  8. 8-Channel DWDM Experiments

  9. FWM Signals 8-Channel Spectrum

  10. 10 Gbps Results

  11. WDM Performance

  12. Active Region Engineering Gain, Psat Comments Bulk Very Easy High, Low Have low saturation Power compared to the QW’s Most of the commercial SOA’s are Bulk Alternate compressive and tensile strain QW’s Easy High, Low Half the carriers are not used at one time; NF will be High Tensile Strained QW’s Difficult (get the right balance) High but at lower wavelengths (1.5 mm), High Can be used for S-band; but not for C- and L-band δ-strained QW’s Difficult Medium, Medium Easy to grow and reproduce Distortions in carrier wavefunctions lead to reduced gain and saturation power Large transparency current increases NF Different Active Regions

  13. δ-Strained Concept

  14. SOA Results: PI

  15. SOA Results: Polarization Sensitive

  16. Non-uniform Current Distribution for Improved Device Performance

  17. Concept

  18. Approach

  19. Resistance Measurements

  20. Psat increases by 3.5 dB The linearity of the curve also improves Effect on Saturation Power

  21. Multi-contact Topology

  22. Performance Improvements

  23. Noise Figure Improvement

  24. SOAs as Non-linear Elements

  25. Non-linear Effects in SOA • Cross Gain Modulation • Cross Phase Modulation • Four Wave Mixing • Wavelength Conversion • 2R/3R Regeneration • Optical Logic: AND, NAND • Optical Switching

  26. Packet Routing

  27. Address Recognition

  28. Sagnac Gate for Optical AND SOA

  29. Input Bits

  30. Logic Outputs

  31. Control Electronics

  32. Output from InGaAs Detector

  33. Integration and SOA driver

  34. Eye diagrams for Cascaded SOAs

  35. Packet Transmission All SOA’s turned on One out of 3 SOA’s off

  36. PARCTM: A Platform for Monolithic Integration of Photonics Devices

  37. Approach

  38. Resonantly Coupled Tapers

  39. Basic PARC Platform

  40. Experimental Results

  41. 3-dB Lossless Splitters

  42. 3-dB Lossless Splitters

  43. 2x2 Crosspoint Switches

  44. 2x2 Crosspoint Switch

  45. Conclusion • SOA performance continues to improve • Higher saturation power extends linear operating range • Minimal non-linear distortion/crosstalk for ave. output power < Psat – 6 dB • SOA saturation power of 16 dBm with NF less than 6 dB demonstrated • SOA can allow for all-optical logic • Further Integration of SOA with photonic devices should allow for highly functional modules • Future: • Low cost application • FTTH • Coarse and D-WDM • Ultra-fast optical signal processing and Integration

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