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Origin of the Solar System

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Origin of the Solar System

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    1. Origin of the Solar System

    2. The solar system was formed by a gravitational fall of a cloud of gas made up of hydrogen, helium and dust. Origin of the Solar System

    3. Orbit of the Planets 1 The four inner planets are rocky. They are kept in an orbit around the sun by gravity.

    4. Orbit of the Planets 2 The other planets are gas giants. Pluto is no longer considered to be a planet!

    5. Comets A comet’s orbit is an ellipse shape. The comet’s tail always points away from the sun - why?

    6. MERCURY No atmosphere. Closest to the sun. Daytime temperature 350°C. Night time temperature -180°C.

    7. Venus Thick and dense atmosphere made up of sulphuric acid and carbon dioxide. Severe greenhouse effect. No life. No moon.

    8. EARTH Blue planet with clouds. Oxygen and water available. Inhabited by life forms.

    9. MARS Rocky with red dust on its surface. May once have had water No life found here so far.

    10. JUPITER The largest planets (all the other planets would fit into this one!). Atmosphere of liquid hydrogen and helium.

    11. SATURN Rings of small rocks encased in ice.

    12. URANUS Pale green colour. Looks as if it’s lying on its side (it has a horizontal axis).

    13. NEPTUNE Similar to Uranus. Blue in colour.

    14. PLUTO Not considered to be a planet any longer. About 1/5 of the size of the Earth.

    15. Asteroids There is an asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. These are bits of rock of varying sizes. These are affected by the gravitational pull of the planets, and some have even collided with earth!

    16. Comets Made up of a mixture of ice and dust. Come from two places: Oort cloud (beyond the solar system), and the Kuiper belt (beyond Neptune). They have elliptical orbits. Tails always point away from the sun and are millions of kilometres long!

    17. Relative sizes

    18. Data on the Solar System

    21. GRAVITY Gravity is the force that exists between two or more masses. Gravitational force always attracts mass. Approximately 1/1,000,000 N exists between you and the person next to you (it’s not strong enough to affect us).

    22. Gravity The earth has a lot of mass, so its gravitational attraction on our bodies keeps us on the ground.

    23. GRAVITY Gravity is the force that keeps the planets in orbit around the sun. Gravity i the force that keeps the moon (the earth’s natural satellite) in its orbit around the earth. Gravity is the force that keeps satellites in their orbits around the earth. Gravity always act on the centre of a mass.

    24. GRAVITY If it’s possible to fire a gun quickly enough, then the gravitational force that pulls the bullet down towards the centre of the earth, causes it to orbit around the earth.

    25. GRAVITY - SUMMARY A small body keeps in orbit around a larger body because of its high mass, and the gravitational force between the two bodies. The larger the distance between the two bodies, the weaker the gravitational force . The greater the mass, the greater the gravity.

    26. DISCOVERING NEW PLANETS A planet’s orbit is something that can be predicted, but sometimes a planet shows a change in its path. Sometimes, the gravitational pull of another planet affects its path. We have been able to use this sin our search for new planets. April 24, 2007 – a planet similar to earth, 20.5 light years away, was found, with a larger gravity (1.6 more than earth).

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