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Epilepsy

Epilepsy . P. Ockuly, Champlin Park H.S. & B. Tapper, Agape H.S. Epilepsy. Defining Epilepsy Categories of seizures Neuron anatomy and physiology Review Treatments Living with Epilepsy (seizures) Controversies Research. Epilepsy the misconception. Is a specific disease.

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Epilepsy

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  1. Epilepsy P. Ockuly, Champlin Park H.S. & B. Tapper, Agape H.S.

  2. Epilepsy Defining Epilepsy Categories of seizures Neuron anatomy and physiology Review Treatments Living with Epilepsy (seizures) Controversies Research

  3. Epilepsy the misconception Is a specific disease It is an Umbrella Term for having 2 or More Seizures in the Brain

  4. The Epilepsy Labelis given when 2 more seizures occur in the brain (cortex) A Seizure is massive disruption of electrical communication between neurons in the brain leading to temporary release of excessive energy in a synchronized form. -epilepsyfoundation.org

  5. Epilepsy is NOT… • A muscle twitch • A seizure caused from a fever • A leg cramp • Secondary conditions from illness or disease.

  6. Facts About Epilepsy • Also known as seizure disorder • About 3 million people in America affected • About 50 million people world wide • Lewis Carroll (Alice in Wonderland) was affected

  7. Epilepsy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRZY2a2jnuw The video shows a person going through a Tonic-clonic (Grand Mal Seizure) seizure. It is the most dramatic type of seizure.

  8. Categories of seizures Simple Partial - don't result in loss of consciousness Complex Partial -staring and non-purposeful movements — such as hand rubbing, twitching, chewing, swallowing or walking in circles. Generalized 4 types petit mal (Thymus and Cortex) -staring and subtle body movement, and can cause a brief loss of consciousness myoclonic- sudden jerks or twitches atonic- suddenly collapse or fall down tonic-clonic- loss of consciousness, body stiffening and shaking, and loss of bladder control

  9. EEG used as a confirmation tool

  10. What Causes Epilepsy? • Head Trauma- that penetrates the brain about 50% chance developing Epilepsy. • Illness-Heart Attack, Stroke, Meningitis, AIDS • Genetics …. On going quest! • Prenatal Injury-Infection, Poor Nutrition, Oxygen Deficiencies • Developmental Disorders- Autism, Down Syndrome • Unknown- accounts for 50%

  11. Neuron anatomy and physiology Review

  12. Neurological Cause(Different Kinds) • Mutation in ion channels (K+, Na+, Ca++ and Cl-) • Mutation in GABA, Glutamate receptor

  13. TreatmentsMedications 60 – 75% managed. Blockers of repetitive activation of the sodium channel Enhancer of slow inactivation of the sodium channel GABA receptor enhancers Glutamate modulators Calcium channel blockers Current modulators Neuronal potassium channel (KCNQ [Kv7]) opener

  14. Treatments Food – Ketogentic Diet (low carbs and protein high Fat) Vagel Nerve Stimulation Surgeries 25% - must be focal and located in a nonessential part of the brain i.e. Right side of Temporal Lobe.

  15. Living with Epilepsy • Normal Safety concerns • Uncertainty • Learning and memory storage and retrieval Dr. Rothman received 2 calls during our hour conversation…

  16. Controversies Medical Marijuana Dogs Surgeries

  17. Research Across disciplines: Physiology, Chemical, Neurology, Physics Example: Caged GABA During a seizure: LED lights that break bonds on “caged GABA” releasing GABA A device to predict a seizure

  18. GABA GABA GABA

  19. Credits • Dr. Steven Rothman, Professor of Pediatrics University of Minnesota and Director of the Division of Clinical Neuroscience Pediatrics • Massachusetts General Website: http://www2.massgeneral.org/childhoodepilepsy/child/index.htm#learning • www. epilepseyfoundation.org • http://new.epilepsyfoundation.org/africanamerican • http://www.bing.com/health/article/mayo-125916/Epilepsy?q=epilepsy+symptoms#symptoms • http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1184846-treatment#aw2aab6b6b8

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