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European Conference on Mobility Management Parma, Italy 27 - 28 October 2005

European Conference on Mobility Management Parma, Italy 27 - 28 October 2005. Best practice of integrating Mobility Management in Land Use Planning in the field of off street parking policy. University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Austria. Klementschitz Roman

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European Conference on Mobility Management Parma, Italy 27 - 28 October 2005

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  1. European Conference on Mobility Management Parma, Italy 27 - 28 October 2005 Best practice of integratingMobility Management in Land Use Planning in the field of off street parking policy University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Austria Klementschitz Roman Stark Juliane

  2. Types of measures • Limiting the total number of private off-street parking spaces, • obligatory parking pricing for private off-street car parks, either to be paid by the real estate owner or the user of the car park (customer or employee) and • defining and negotiating trip-contingents based on a mobility plan (including exit-metering).

  3. Procedure of data collection Screening-Phase:  Relevant cities Relevant persons (experts) Detailed Analysis: Interview supported by questionnaire Telephone or email interviews

  4. Case study cities Stockholm Helsinki Aalborg Copenhagen Newcastle Hamburg Rostock London Amsterdam Berlin Bremen Rotterdam Erfurt Aachen Paris Stuttgart Munich Linz Zurich Bern Salzburg Graz Lyon Innsbruck Madrid Thessalonica Athens

  5. (1) Limiting the number of private parking spaces • In 21 out of 27 cities analysed the tool of limiting the total number of private off-street parking spaces is invented. • In 12 of these cities the measure is obligatory at least for certain areas or for the whole city and practice examples are demonstrating the feasibility of the measure. • Generally spoken, it can be stated, this mobility management tool is the most used one in the cities analysed.

  6. (1) Limiting the number of private parking spaces Stockholm Helsinki Aalborg Copenhagen Newcastle Measure exists … Hamburg Rostock obligatory optional not at all Amsterdam London Bremen Berlin Rotterdam Erfurt Aachen Paris Stuttgart Munich Linz Zurich Bern Salzburg Lyon Innsbruck Graz Madrid Thessalonica Athens

  7. Regulation example: Hamburg Relation of upper limits of the number of private off street parking spaces and gross floor space in Hamburg:

  8. Regulation example: Hamburg

  9. Regulation example: Helsinki Relation of limits of the number of private parking spaces, land use and floor space in Helsinki (1 parking space / xx m² floor space):

  10. (1) Limiting the number of private parking spaces Comparison of the limits of the number of parking space for office buildings in city centres

  11. Practice example: Helsinki Office building Sörnäisten rantatie 19 /Helsinki Sörnaisten rantatie

  12. Practice example: Helsinki • Office building • Central area • 15600 m² floor space • Requirement in building permit:45 parking spaces maximum 345m² floor space /parking space

  13. (2) Obligatory parking pricing • Only one out of 27 cities implemented obligatory parking pricing for private off street parking spaces. • A legal basis for implementing the measure exists in eight cities analysed.

  14. (2) Obligatory parking pricing Stockholm Helsinki Aalborg Kopenhagen Newcastle Measure exists … Hamburg obligatory optional not at all Rostock Amsterdam London Bremen Berlin Rotterdam Erfurt Aachen Paris Stuttgart Munich Linz Zurich Bern Salzburg Graz Lyon Innsbruck Madrid Thessalonica Athens

  15. N A T I O N A L P R O V I N C E C O M M U N I T I E S (2) Obligatory parking pricing Switzerland Environmental Act (Umweltschutzgesetz) Emission Act (Luftreinhalte-VO) Noise Act (Lärmschutz-VO) Kantonal masterplan for transport and enterprises Traffic generatingbuilding Obligatory parking pricing Requirements in Building Permits

  16. Practice example: Abtwil (Switzerland) • Shopping mall and leisure centre Säntispark • 12245m² sales floor • 1022 parking spaces Säntispark

  17. Practice example: Abtwil (Switzerland) • Immissions exceeds thresholds • Obligatory parking pricing in the building permit (no refund): CHF 1.00 first hour (0.66 €) CHF 0.50 further hours (0.33 €)no rebate for longer stays

  18. (3) Trip-contingents • There are existing experiences with mobility management plans including the reduction of the number of trips in 19 out of 27 cities or regions - basically on voluntary basis. • Such mobility plans are either agreed between operators and authorities or operator internally. • The only exception is Switzerland, where not exceeding agreed trip contingents are causing consequents (e. g. the operator must increase the parking fees).

  19. (3) Trip-contingents Stockholm Helsinki Aalborg Kopenhagen Newcastle Measure exists … Hamburg obligatory voluntary basis not at all Rostock London Amsterdam Bremen Berlin Rotterdam Erfurt Aachen Paris Stuttgart München Linz Zürich Bern Salzburg Graz Lyon Innsbruck Madrid Thessaloniki Athen

  20. N A T I O N A L P R O V I N C E C O M M U N I T I E S (3) Trip-contingents Switzerland Environmental Act (Umweltschutzgesetz) Emission Act (Luftreinhalte-VO) Noise Act (Lärmschutz-VO) Kantonal masterplan for transport and enterprises Traffic generatingbuilding Trip contingents Requirements in Building Permits

  21. Practice example: Zurich - Sihlcity • 149038m² floor space - 35000m² sales floor - 30000m² services - 15000m² cinema, food - 20000m² hotel, housing • Begin of construction: July 2003 • Opening: 2007

  22. Practice example: Zurich - Sihlcity

  23. Practice example: Zurich - Sihlcity Requirement in building permit: • 850 parking spaces (limited)175 m² floor space/parking space • Trip contingent8800 daily car tripsca. 5 arrivals per parking space or 50% PT-share of visitors • Case of exceeding:- increasing parking fees - reduction of parking spaces

  24. Conclusions • Practice examples exist for all three types of measures. • The experiences are generally positive and the effects are supporting the traffic development goals targeted. • The measures are transferable to other cities easily. • To prevent inequity of competition, it should be a goal to invent (and harmonize) the measures throughout Europe (or at least within one country).

  25. European Conference on Mobility Management Parma, Italy 27 - 28 October 2005 Best practice of integratingMobility Management in Land Use Planning in the field of off street parking policy University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Austria Klementschitz Roman Stark Juliane

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