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Fab Lab Instrumentation Reality—From Lab to Field

Debabrata Goswami Chemistry & Center for Laser Technology IIT Kanpur dgoswami@iitk.ac.in. Fab Lab Instrumentation Reality—From Lab to Field. The Instrumentation Divide. Current Scientific Instruments are very expensive and highly specialized. Communities that would benefit from

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Fab Lab Instrumentation Reality—From Lab to Field

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  1. Debabrata Goswami Chemistry & Center for Laser Technology IIT Kanpur dgoswami@iitk.ac.in Fab Lab Instrumentation Reality—From Lab to Field

  2. The Instrumentation Divide Current Scientific Instruments are very expensive and highly specialized Communities that would benefit from the use of instrumentation are unable to obtain it Fab-Labs can be used to design and develop equipment and instrumentation for these communities

  3. Performance at Lower Costs Consumer electronics make it possible to develop cheaper instrumentation Redesigning existing instruments allows lower costs and increased flexibility without lowering performance

  4. RF Analyzer Estimated Cost of $100 Two examples: UV-Vis Spectrometer and RF Analyzer • UV-Vis Spectrometer Estimated Cost of $100

  5. High Cost, High Sophistication Difficult to use in Field under Rugged environments Example UV-Vis Spectrometer: Commercial Cost ≥ $500

  6. Optical Schemes • Basis of All Linear Absorption Spectroscopy • I=I0exp(-ecL) • UV-Visible & near-IR (250 – 1000 nm) • Needs scanning of individual wavelengths • Slow • S/N Issues • FTIR • Measure in Fourier Domain (perform time-domain measurements) & FT into wavelength domain I0 I

  7. The UV-Vis Spectrometer Spectrum UV-Vis with consumer electronics Commercially Available UV-Vis

  8. RF Analyzer Postal Mail Milk Analysis

  9. Multiple Uses for Technology Distance Learning Spectrometry Remote Medical Assistance

  10. Fab Lab Applications Food Quality Analysis Water Quality Analysis Soil Analysis Agriculture Analyses Medical Analyses

  11. impulse response (complex frequency response) DC – MHz ~Rs.100 food/water quality, agricultural inputs, ...

  12. Acousto-Optic Modulator RF Driving Signal Undeflected Beam Laser Pulse In Shaped Pulse Out An Acousto-Optic-Modulator based Pulse Shaper setup with the help an amplified laser system. A couple of representative graphs of the pulse shaping capability is shown in the data that are collected in the wavelength and time-domain respectively.

  13. Schematic FTIR Technicalities

  14. Femtosecond Pulse Shaper

  15. Advantages of FTIR • Speed: Since all of the frequencies are measured simultaneously, most measurements are made in a matter of seconds • Sensitivity: Sensitivity is dramatically improved with FTIR • The detectors employed are much more sensitive, the optical throughput is much higher which results in much lower noise levels, and the fast scans enable the co-addition of several scans in order to reduce the random measurement noise to any desired level • Mechanical Simplicity: The moving mirror in the interferometer is the only continuously moving part in the instrument • Very little possibility of mechanical breakdown • Fingerprint Region: Sensitive characterization possible

  16. Roadmap Ahead • Micro- and nanoscale prototyping of programmable assembly systems • Theoretical principles for physical computation ("formatics") • Platforms for distributed control of embedded networked devices • Smart tools with feedback control • Machines that can make machines • Open-source engineering design tools

  17. Acknowledgements • Prof. Neil Gershenfeld, CBA, MIT • Prof. S.G. Dhande, Director, IITK Visit: http://home.iitk.ac.in/~dgoswami.html Thank You !

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