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Understanding Punnett Squares: Exploring Genetic Crosses with R (Round) and r (Wrinkled)

Discover the step-by-step process of using Punnett squares to analyze genetic crosses. This guide explains how to represent genes with letters, determine parent genotypes, list possible gene combinations, and complete the Punnett square. Using round (R) and wrinkled (r) traits as examples, we illustrate phenotypic and genotypic ratios of offspring, highlighting the distribution of homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive traits. Learn the fundamentals of genetics with clear examples and detailed explanations.

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Understanding Punnett Squares: Exploring Genetic Crosses with R (Round) and r (Wrinkled)

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Using PunnettSquares

  2. Step 1: Choose a letter to represent the genes in the cross Given : R = round r = wrinkled

  3. Step 2 : Write the genotypes of the parents P : Rr x Rr

  4. Step 3 : Determine the possible genes that each parent can produce RrRr R r R r or or

  5. Step 4: Write the possible genes at the top and sides of the Punnett square R r R r

  6. Step 5 : Complete the Punnett square by writing the gene combinations in the boxes R r R R R r R R r r r r

  7. Step 6 : Determine the phenotypes and genotypes of offspring RR = round - 1 homozygous dominant } Rr = round 2 heterozygous Rr = round rr = wrinkled - 1 homozygous recessive

  8. ratios: Phenotypes- 3 round to 1 wrinkled Genotypes- 1 RR: 2 Rr: 1 rr

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