1 / 6

Introduction to Cells: The Fundamental Units of Life and Their Properties

This chapter introduces the concept of cells as the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms. It explores the characteristics that define unicellular and multicellular organisms, the composition and functions of various cell organelles, and the historical contributions of scientists like Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Matthias Schleiden, Theodore Schwann, and Rudolf Virchow to the development of cell theory. Key concepts include the importance of the cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

kevyn
Télécharger la présentation

Introduction to Cells: The Fundamental Units of Life and Their Properties

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. LifeSc. Ch.1 s.1 CELLS Ch.1., Cells: voc#1 1. cell 2. organism 3. unicellular 4, multicellular 5. area 6. volume 7. cell theory (3 parts) 8. Anton van Leeuwenhoek 9. Rudolf Virchow 10. Matthias Schleiden 11.Theodore Schwann Ch.1., Cells: voc#2 1. cell membrane 2. organelles 3. cytoplasm 4. DNA 5. prokaryote 6. eukaryote 7. ribosomes 8. flagella 9. membrane

  2. ch1, lesson 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANISMS (LIVING THINGS) ORGANISM: ANY LIVING THING • ALL ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF CELLS • CELL: BASIC UNIT OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION FOR ALL LIFE • CELLS RANGE IN SIZE FROM BACTERIA (.01µM) TO PLANT CELLS (100µM) • CELL SIZE LIMITED BY SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO (s2 -:- s3) • UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS: ONE CELLED LIFE 1. ALL NECESSARY LIFE ACTIVITIES DONE INSIDE A SINGLE CELL • 2. MOST COMMON FORM OF LIFE ON EARTH • MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS : MADE OF MANY, SPECIALIZED CELLS • 1. EACH CELL SPECIALIZED TO PERFORM A SPECIFIC LIFE FUNCTION • 2. ORGANISM DEPENDANT ON ALL INTERDEPENDANT CELLS FOR SURVIVAL

  3. ANTON VON LEEUWENHOEK FIRST TO OBSERVE LIVING CELLS • USED A SIMPLE MICROSCOPE • 1673: SAW LIVING MICROORGANISMS IN POND WATER • MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN / THEODORE SCHWANN 'S DISCOVERIES • BOTH USED IMPROVED COMPOUND MICROSCOPES • 1838: SCHLIEDEN SAW THAT ALLPLANTS ARE MADE OF CELLS • 1839: SCHWANN SAW THAT ALL ANIMALS WERE MADE OF CELLS • BOTH CONTRIBUTED TO DEVELOPMENT OF CELL THEORY

  4. RUDOLF VIRCHOW : STATED THAT CELLS CAN ONLY COME FROM CELLS IN 1858 • GOOD QUALITY MICROSCOPES WERE NEEDED TO DEVELOP CELL THEORY • CELL THEORY WAS THE COMBINATION OF THE WORK OF MULTIPLE SCIENTISTS • CELL THEORY: THE FOUNDATION OF LIFE SCIENCE • 1. ALL LIFE IS MADE OF CELLS • 2. LIVING CELLS CAN ONLY COME FROM LIVING CELLS • 3. THE CELL IS THE BASIC UNIT OFSTRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF ALL LIVING THINGS

  5. CELL ORGANELLES: TINY CELL STRUCTURE WITH SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS • CYTOPLASM: AREA ENCLOSED BY A MEMBRANE • INCLUDES CELL’S FLUIDS AND ORGANELLES • MAKES MOST OF CELL’S INTERIONR • CELL MEMBRANE: OUTER LAYER OF ALL CELL'S CYTOPLASM • FORMS A BOUNDARY BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT, CELL • CONTROLS PASSAGE OF MATERIALS INTO AND OUT OF THE CELL • NUCLEUS: CONTROL STRUCTURE OF CELL, DIRECTS ITS ACTIVITIES • BOUND BY A MEMBRANE, CONTAINS DNA • DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA): STRANDS OF GENETIC MATERIAL • DNA CONTAINS INFORMATION NEEDED BY THE CELLTO FUNCTION

  6. TWO TYPES OF LIVING CELLS • PROKARYOTES: A PRIMITIVE ORGANISM WITHOUT A NUCLEUS • HAS CELL WALL, CELL MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASM • GENETIC INFORMATION EMBEDDED IN CYTOPLASM • BACTERIAL CELLS: A VERY TINY PROKARYOTE • EUKARYOTESHAVE A NUCLEUS AND ORGANELLES • MORE COMPLEX FORMS OF LIFE • TYPE OF CELL FOUND IN MULTICELLED ORGANISMS 6

More Related