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Environmentally Responsible Aircraft Design Review: Summary and Next Steps

This presentation outlines the design and development of an Environmentally Responsible Aircraft (ERA) that aims to reduce emissions, noise, and fuel consumption. The team's mission is to create a competitive medium-sized aircraft, leveraging new technologies to address growing market demands. Key aspects include market analysis, design requirements, new technological innovations, and compliance matrices. With an emphasis on environmental responsibility, the final design will be submitted for the NASA ERA College Student Challenge, paving the way for future advancements in aircraft design.

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Environmentally Responsible Aircraft Design Review: Summary and Next Steps

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  1. Systems Requirement Review Presentation Joe Appel Todd Beeby Julie Douglas KonradHabina Katie Irgens Jon Linsenmann David Lynch Dustin Truesdell

  2. Overview • Mission Statement • Market, Customers, & Competitors • Design Mission • Design Requirements • New Technologies • Sizing Code • Summary & Next Steps

  3. Mission Statement • Design an Environmentally Responsible Aircraft (ERA) that lowers noise, minimizes emissions, and reduces fuel burn • Utilize new technology to develop a competitive medium-size aircraft that meets the demands of transportation for continental market • Deliver a business plan focusing on capitalizing on growing markets • Submit final design to NASA ERA College Student Challenge

  4. NASA ERA College Student Challenge Large twin aisle reference configuration = Boeing 777-200LR 1 NASA ERA Goals

  5. Market • Growth in twin aisle market • Fastest growing market segment (4.4% annually) • Airplane seat count upgauging 2 Boeing Market Outlook

  6. Market • Geographic Regions: • Asia Pacific • US Domestic • Europe 2 Boeing Market Outlook 3 Airbus Market Forecast

  7. Market • Geographic Regions: • Asia Pacific • US Domestic 3 Airbus Market Forecast

  8. Customers • Low cost carriers • Point to point model • Shorter distance, larger passenger capacity Examples • SpiceJet, Spring Airlines, JetBlue, EasyJet 4 Point to Point: Asia Pacific

  9. Competitors • Designing an airplane with similar capabilities as the Boeing 757-200 • Competitors • Other aircraft (A321-200, A320NEO, 757, 737) • High speed rail for short distances 3 Airbus Market Forecast 6 757-200 5High Speed Rail

  10. City Pairs Tokyo to Mumbai is 3700 nmi 7 Geographical Map of Asia

  11. Runway Lengths Shortest Runway: 9843 feet

  12. Design Mission 3 • Tokyo - Mumbai Norange descent CruiseClimb Loiter (30 min) Loiter (30 min) 2 6 7 No range descent Climb 32000 ft Climb 4’ 5’ 0 Attempt to Land 5 9 1 4 8 Taxi & takeoff Land Land 6800 ft Range: 3700 nmi 4950 ft Fuel Reserves

  13. Design Requirements • Market Driven Requirements • Similar two class configuration seating capacity to • Boeing 757-200 [200 pax.] • Boeing 737-900ER [177 pax.] • Airbus A321NEO [185 pax.] 3Airbus Market Forecast 8 Boeing 737-900ER

  14. Design Requirements • Improved Specifications (compared to Boeing 757-200) • Extended Range to 4000 nmi • Improved Cruise Efficiency • Increased Payload, Takeoff Weight, and Landing Weight 6 Boeing 757-200

  15. Design Requirements • ERA driven requirements (compared to Boeing 777-200LR) • 75 % cut in emissions • 42 dB reduction in noise • 50% reduction in fuel burn • 50% reduction in field length • Summarized in Compliance Matrix

  16. Design Requirements Compliance Matrix

  17. New Technologies • Noise reduction: • Chevron Nozzles, Variable Nozzles, Scarf Inlet Active Noise Control, Forward Swept Fans, Swept/Leaned Stators, Soft Vanes, Over-the-Rotor Metal Foam • Geared turbofan (GTF): • Ultra high bypass ratio engines to reduce fuel consumption, reduce engine maintenance, and reduce noise by up to 10 dB 9 Chevron Nozzles 10 Scarf Inlet 11 Geared Turbofan

  18. Example Fuel Savings 12 New Technology Fuel Savings

  19. Sizing Code Chart Inputs: , , Geometry (eg S, b, etc.) Empty Weight Prediction (We) Fuel Weight Prediction (Wfuel) Calculated Gross Weight (Wφ)calc yes no Performance, Costs, Enviro Impacts Set Wφ = (Wφ)calc Wφ = (Wφ)calc Description of Aircraft

  20. Sizing Code Approach: Empty Weight Fraction –Raymer Table 6.1 ] Fuel Weight Fraction Cruise: Breguet Range Equation andEndurance Equation All others: Historical Fractions (Raymer Table 3.2)

  21. Sizing Code Calibration: Boeing 757-200 Passengers: 200 Range: 2655 nmi Cruise Mach Number: 0.8 Max Take-off Weight (MTOW): 255000 lb Operating Weight Empty (OWE): 136940 lb Fuel Weight: 74510 lb • 13 Boeing 757-200

  22. Sizing Code Calibration: Original Drag Prediction Nicolai Fig 5.3 for Subsonic a/c: Adjusted to make Results:

  23. Sizing Code Early Aircraft Predictions: Used 757-200 sizing code (similar aircraft) Adjusted range, MTOW, thrust, Mach #, passengers Based on “threshold” values from compliance matrix

  24. Sizing Code Next: Convert entirely to MATLAB Same output as with Excel Implement the next level of complexity Component weights Aerodynamics (drag breakdown) Propulsion (thrust, fuel consumption) Future technology factors

  25. Summary & Next Steps • Summary • Mission statement • Market & Customers • Design Mission • Design Requirements • New Technologies • Sizing Code • Next Steps • In depth analysis of technologies (cost and benefits) • Increase complexity and accuracy of sizing code • Formulate customer, regulatory and design requirements and begin preliminary aircraft performance analysis.

  26. References • http://aero.larc.nasa.gov/era_univ/competitions_univ_era.htm 2. “Current Market Outlook 2010-2029,” Boeing Commercial Airplanes Market Analysis, Seattle, WA, Nov. 2010. 3. Leahy, John. “Airbus Global Market Forecast 2010-2029,” Airbus. Toulouse, Dec. 2010. 4. www.guidetothailand.com 5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:China_high speed_rail_network.png 6. http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/10/10/google-founders-pick-up-another-big-plane/ 7. “Geographical Map of Asia,” Sep. 2010. [http://www.voyagesphotosmanu.com/geographical_map_asia.html. Accessed 1/22/11.]

  27. References 8. Tinseth, Randy, “Sharks and Jets,” Boeing Commercial Airlines, Seattle WA, August 2010. [http://boeingblogs.com/randy/archives/2010/08/sharks_and_jets.html. Accessed 1/22/11.] 9.http://memagazine.asme.org/articles/2006/november/Put_Nozzle.cfm 10. http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/RT/2004/RT/RTL-abbott.html 11. http://www.airliners.net/aviation-forums/general_aviation/print.main?id=4065235 12. Nickol, C. L. (2007). Hybrid Wing Body Configuration System Studies. 13. www.boeing.com/companyoffices/gallery

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