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CS 115

CS 115. UNIT 1 Chapters 1 – 4 Mr. Elias. People Resource. People are the most important resource in any organization, with a focus on Technology literacy Information literacy Ethical responsibilities. People Resource.

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CS 115

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  1. CS 115 UNIT 1 Chapters 1 – 4 Mr. Elias

  2. People Resource • People are the most important resource in any organization, with a focus on • Technology literacy • Information literacy • Ethical responsibilities

  3. People Resource • Technology-literate knowledge worker – knows how and when to apply technology • Information-literate knowledge worker • Can define information needs • Knows how and where to obtain information • Understands information • Acts appropriately based on information • Ethics – principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people

  4. Information Technology Resource • Information technology (IT) – computer-based tools that people use to work with information • Hardware – physical devices that make up a computer • Software – set of instructions that your hardware executes to carry out a specific task for you

  5. Information Technology – Hardware Processing •CPU • ALU •RAM

  6. Six Categories of Hardware Video card (connecting) Keyboard (input) CDs (storage) CPU Cable modem (telecommunications) Monitor (output)

  7. Common Input Devices

  8. Common Output Devices

  9. Common Storage Devices Dinosaurs

  10. Storage Types • Magnetic Storage Media • Hard disk – magnetic storage with one or more thin metal platters sealed inside the drive • Optical Storage Media • CDs and DVDs • Flash Memory Devices & Cards • Flash memory device– USB • Flash memory card – SD, xD, Compact Flash, etc.

  11. Common Types of Flash Memory

  12. Capacity of Storage Devices Megabyte (MB or M or Meg) – about 1 million bytes Gigabyte (GB or Gig) – about 1 billion bytes Terabyte (TB) – about 1 trillion bytes Petabyte (PB) – about 1 quadrillion bytes

  13. CPU and RAM

  14. CPU and Ram at Work SYSTEM BUS (data pathways)

  15. CPU and RAM • CPU and RAM work together to form the brain of your computer • CPU speed measured in gigahertz (GHz) • GHz – number of billions of CPU cycles per second • CPU (machine) cycle – retrieve, decode, and execute instruction, then return result to RAM if necessary

  16. CPU Components Control unit – directs what happens in the CPU and the rest of your computer Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) – performs arithmetic, comparison, and logic operations CPU cache – CPU memory where instructions wait until they’re needed CPU clock – beats to keep instructions and information moving in synchronized fashion

  17. System Bus System bus – electrical pathways that move information between motherboard components, especially between CPU and RAM

  18. Connectors and Ports LEGACY PORTS

  19. Ports and Connectors Port– place on your system unit, monitor, or keyboard through which information and instructions flow to and from computer Connector – something like a cable; can also be wireless

  20. Common Ports & Connectors Ethernet Serial Parallel USB Firewire

  21. Wireless Connections Infrared IR or IrDA (infrared data association) – uses red light to send and receive information Bluetooth – transmits information as radio waves for a distance of 30 feet WiFi (wireless fidelity) or IEEE 802.11a, b, g, or n – transmits information as radio waves for a distance of up to several miles

  22. Ports USB (universal serial bus) port – fits small, flat, plug-and-play, hot-swap USB connectors Firewire port (IEEE1394 or I-Link) – fits hot-swap, plug-and-play Firewire connectors

  23. Expansion Cards, Slots, & Bus

  24. PC Card for a Notebook

  25. Expansion Cards, Slots, & Bus Expansion card (board) – circuit board that you insert into the expansion slot and connect to a peripheral device Expansion slot – long skinny socket on the motherboard for expansion card Expansion bus – pathways along which information moves between devices (outside the motherboard) and the CPU

  26. SOFTWARE • Applications • General Purpose • Vertical • Horizontal • Systems • Operating System • Utilities

  27. SOFTWARE – INTELLECTUAL INTERFACE • Personal productivity software – helps you perform personal tasks • Writing memos (word processing) • Creating graphs (spreadsheet) • Creating slide presentations (presentation) • Software suite – several applications bundled together (usually productivity software)

  28. Vertical & Horizontal Market Software • Vertical market software – application software for a specific industry • Patient-scheduling software • Restaurant management software • Horizontal market software – application software suitable for use in many industries • Payroll, inventory, and billing

  29. System Software • Operating system software • Microsoft Windows 7 – Microsoft’s latest personal computer operating system • Microsoft Windows Vista – predecessor to 7 • Microsoft Windows XP Home– predecessor to Vista • Microsoft Windows XP Pro – predecessor to Vista • Mac OS – Operating system for Macs • Linux – powerful open-source operating system

  30. Utility Software • Utility Software – adds functionality to operating system software • Anti-virus software – detects and removes or quarantines computer viruses • Crash-proof software – helps save information if your system crashes • Uninstaller software – removes software from your hard disk • Disk optimization software – organizes information on your hard disk • Spam blocker – filters unwanted e-mail

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