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Matter

Matter. anything that has mass and takes up space. Atom. the basic unit of matter: It is the smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of that element. It can not be broken down by a chemical change. Electron.

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Matter

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  1. Matter • anything that has mass and takes up space

  2. Atom • the basic unit of matter: It is the smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of that element. • It can not be broken down by a chemical change.

  3. Electron • a negatively charge particle found outside the nucleus in a region called the electron cloud.

  4. Proton • the positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

  5. Neutron • a particle in the nucleus that has is neutral (no charge). • It has the same mass as proton.

  6. Nucleus • the center of the atom containing the protons & neutrons.

  7. Element • a type of matter made of only one type of atom that have the identical number of protons in their nucleus

  8. Compound • A type of matter made up of elements that are chemically combined to form a new material with different properties from the original elements. • The elements can not be separated by physical means.

  9. Mixture • A type of matter made up of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

  10. Atomic Mass or Weight • number of protons & neutrons found in the nucleus of an atom

  11. Atomic Number • the number of protons in the nucleus

  12. Physical Properties • the characteristics that can be observed without chemically changing the substance.

  13. Chemical Properties • the characteristic that describes a how a substance will react with another substance, such as exploding when exposed to oxygen.

  14. Physical Change • This occurs when the physical properties of a substances changes, but no new substance is formed. • Examples = evaporating, melting, freezing, sublimating.

  15. Chemical Change • This occurs when a chemical reaction takes place. • The atoms are rearranged to form new substances with new physical and chemical properties.

  16. Density • The amount of matter (mass) in a given amount of space (volume). • It is calculated by dividing mass by volume.

  17. Boiling Point • a physical property that identifies the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.

  18. Melting Point • a physical property that identifies the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. • This is the same temperature as the freezing point, in which a liquid changes to a solid.

  19. Law of Conservation of Matter • Matter (mass) is not created nor destroyed in an ordinary chemical reaction.

  20. State or Phase of Matter • a physical property that describes matter as a solid, liquid, or gas. • Matter changes states when either heat is added or taken away.

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