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PRONOUN

PRONOUN. -- word that takes the place of a noun, a group of words acting as a noun, or another pronoun -- the word or group of words to which a pronoun refers is called the antecedent. Examples. Though Gina was born in Wisconsin, she grew to love the landscape of the American Southwest.

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PRONOUN

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  1. PRONOUN -- word that takes the place of a noun, a group of words acting as a noun, or another pronoun -- the word or group of words to which a pronoun refers is called the antecedent

  2. Examples Though Gina was born in Wisconsin, she grew to love the landscape of the American Southwest. When Gina and Allen were married in 1924, both were famous artists. Though Gina herself was a painter, her husband was a photographer.

  3. Personal & Possessive Pronouns -- personal: refers to a specific person, place, thing, or idea by indicating the person speaking (1st person), person or people being spoken to (2nd person), or any other person, place, thing, or idea being discussed (3rd person) -- possessive: takes the place of the possessive form of a noun

  4. The oxen’s stallsThe children’s booksThe women’s trophies Plural Possessive Examples The kittens’ tails Her dresses’ collars The wives’ speeches The cookies’ decorations The stories’ villains The watches’ batteries Personal Pronouns SINGULAR PLURAL 1st person I, me we, us 2nd person you you 3rd person he, him, she they, them her, it ***3rd person singular pronouns also express gender. He and him are masculine; she and her are feminine; it is neuter.***

  5. 1st person: The song was dedicated to me. (me refers to the person speaking)2nd person: Sam will copy the paper for you. (you refers to the person being spoken to)3rd person: She gave him the news. (she and him refer to the people being talked about) Examples

  6. Possessive PronounsSINGULAR PLURAL1st person my, mineour, ours2nd person your, yoursyour, yours3rd person his, her, hers their, theirsits***Notice that no possessive personal pronoun contains an apostrophe. It is a serious but common error to mistake its and it’s.*** ANSWERS

  7. Practice • Write each pronoun. Identify it by writing 1st, 2nd, or 3rd person. Then write singular or plural. If the pronoun is possessive, write possessive. • 1. Mike hit a home run today; it is his first at this school. • 2. Lupe and Lisa took their books to lunch. • 3. Loren and her brother Patrick are taking a course in CPR; they would like to make medicine their career. • 4. A lizard tastes and smells with its tongue. • 5. “You probably won’t believe us,” said Ross, “but Sam and I saw a UFO last night as we were on our way home.” • 6. Alanna cut her finger, and now it is bandaged. • 7. When Tim left for the Math Olympiad, his entire class showed up to wish him luck. • 8. Sierra forgot her lunch, but two classmates shared theirs with her.

  8. Answers • it: 3rd singular 6. her: 3rd singular his: 3rd singular possessive possessive • their: 3rd plural possessive it: 3rd singular • her: 3rd singular possessive 7. his: 3rd singular they: 3rd plural possessive their: 3rd plural possessive him: 3rd singular 4. its: 3rd singular possessive 8. her: 3rd singular • you: 2nd singular/plural possessive us: 1st plural theirs: 3rd plural I: 1st singular possessive we: 1st plural her: 3rd singular our: 1st plural possessive

  9. Reflexive & Intensive Pronouns SINGULAR PLURAL 1st person myself ourselves 2nd person yourself yourselves 3rd person himself, herself themselves itself ***Notice that there is no such word as hisself, theirself, or theirselves.*** • Formed by adding –self or –selves to certain personal and possessive pronouns

  10. Common & Proper Nouns • EXAMPLES Jim uses a stopwatch to time himself on the track. She taught herself to play the piano. We imagined ourselves dancing in a forest. • A reflexive pronoun refers, or reflects back, to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the same person or thing is involved. Always adds information to a sentence!

  11. Common & Proper Nouns • EXAMPLES He himself delivered the flowers. You must sign the application yourself. Marcy herself made the bridesmaids’ dresses. Peter, Jamie, and Chris designed the float themselves. • An intensive pronoun adds emphasis to another noun or pronoun in the same sentence. • If the intensive pronoun is left out, the sentence still has the same meaning.

  12. Demonstrative Pronouns • Points out specific persons, places, things, or ideas Singular this that Plural these those Examples: This is your locker. That is your assignment. These are the shrubs to be trimmed. My uniform is cleaner than those.

  13. Interrogative & Relative Pronouns Interrogative Pronouns who whom whose what which whoever whomever whatever whichever • Interrogative is used to form questions • Relative is used to begin a special subject-verb word group called a subordinate clause Relative Pronouns who which whoever that whom whomever whichever what whose whatever

  14. Examples! Interrogative Who is at the door? Whom would you prefer? Whose is this plaid coat? What is for lunch? Which of these books is your favorite? Whatever were you thinking? Relative The driver who arrived last parked over there. The meal that you prepared was delicious.

  15. Indefinite Pronouns Some Indefinite Pronouns all everybody no one another everyone nothing any everything one anybody few other anyone many several anything most some both much somebody each neither someone either nobody something enough none • Refers to persons, places, things, or ideas in a more general way than a noun does EXAMPLES Everybody needs food. Did you get enough to eat? After two bowls of chili, I did not want another.

  16. Practice • Write each pronoun. Identify it by writing reflexive, intensive, demonstrative, interrogative, relative, or indefinite. • 1. None of the soldiers who left camp this morning have returned. • 2. Pointing to the stacked cases, Ariel whispered, “Whoever wins those will never have to buy canned corn again!” • 3. Much of the conference involved archeology, and as a result, few attended. • 4. The ninth-graders themselves planted the garden, and no one else has cared for the growing plants. • 5. Mother taught herself to ski and now teaches the skill to anyone who wants to learn.

  17. Continued…. • 6. “Whose is this?” asked Ingrid, holding up the half-eaten sandwich that had appeared under the bed. • 7. Those whom Mr. Simmons has excused from the test may leave now. • 8. Sean and Jake arrived late from Tampa, and as a result, neither got much sleep last night. • 9. The president gave himself a month to find a new media expert, but so far no candidates who he has interviewed have been hired.

  18. Answers • none: indefinite 6. whose: interrogative who: relative this: demonstrative that: relative • Whoever: relative 7. those: demonstrative those: demonstrative whom: relative 3. much: indefinite 8. neither: indefinite few: indefinite 9. himself: reflexive • themselves: intensive whom: relative no one: indefinite • herself: reflexive anyone: indefinite who: relative

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