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Understanding Matter and Elements in Chemistry: A Comprehensive Overview

This PowerPoint presentation explores the fundamental concepts of matter, elements, atoms, and compounds in chemistry. It explains the three phases of matter—solid, liquid, and gas—and their characteristics. Key elements are introduced, including hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen, alongside information about atomic structure and subatomic particles. The presentation also covers compounds, their properties, and distinctions between inorganic and organic compounds. This resource is beneficial for teaching and understanding essential chemistry concepts.

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Understanding Matter and Elements in Chemistry: A Comprehensive Overview

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  1. Chemistry

  2. Matter Matter = any material substance with Mass & Volume

  3. Solid Gas Liquid Matter comes in 3 phases

  4. Solid Definite Shape Definite Volume

  5. Liquid Indefinite Shape – takes the shape of the container Definite Volume

  6. Gas Indefinite Shape – takes the shape of the container Indefinite Volume – can expand and be compressed

  7. Elements one of the 100+ pure substances that make up everything in the universe

  8. H = Hydrogen Na = Sodium Ca = Calcium C = Carbon K = Potassium O = Oxygen I = Iodine N = Nitrogen Cl = Chlorine S = Sulfur P = Phosphorus Examples of Elements

  9. Atom the smallest particle making up elements

  10. Sub-atomic Particles Protons p+ - positive charge, in nucleus Neutrons n0 – no charge, in nucleus Electrons - e- negative charge, orbiting nucleus

  11. 6 Atomic # C 12.011 Atomic Mass Drawing an Atom of Carbon = # of p+ and # of e- Carbon has 6 p+ and 6 e- minus Atomic # = # of n0 Carbon has 6 n0

  12. e- e- 6 p+ 6 n0 e- e- e- e- Drawing an Atom of Carbon

  13. Compounds Compounds - 2 or more elements chemically combined to form a new substance with new properties Properties– The way a chemical substance looks and behaves

  14. H + O H2O = O H H Compounds Compounds – are made of 2 or more different atoms combined to form Molecules Chemical formula lists the number of different atoms in a single molecule Structural formula shows the arrangement of the atoms in a single molecule

  15. H H C C O C6H12O6 H H H C C H O H O H O H O H C C Chemical formula H O H Structural formula Molecules Glucose Sugar

  16. Inorganic Compounds Organic Compounds or Compounds • usually don’t contain Carbon • generally come from the earth • generally simple molecules • always contain C & H and usually O, N, sometimes S & P • originate in organisms • generally complex molecules

  17. H + O = H2O = Water H + Cl = HCl = Hydrochloric Acid C + O = CO2 = Carbon Dioxide Na + Cl = NaCl = Common Table Salt Examples of Inorganic Compounds

  18. Carbohydrates = Sugars, starches & cellulose C, H + O C, H + O Lipids = Fats & Oils C, H, O, N, & sometimes P + S Proteins C, H, O, N, + P Nucleic Acids – DNA & RNA Examples of Organic Compounds

  19. Chemistry Diga, diga, diga, diga, that’s all folks!

  20. This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching.

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