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Geography

Geography. Northern Landforms. 1/6 of the earth’s land surface (8.5 million square miles) 4 different areas include: 1. Central Siberian Plateau High plateaus dominate. 2. Russian Far East : Far east consists of volcanic ranges. Contains islands off of the peninsula.

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Geography

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  1. Geography

  2. Northern Landforms • 1/6 of the earth’s land surface (8.5 million square miles) • 4 different areas include: 1. Central Siberian Plateau • High plateaus dominate. 2. Russian Far East: • Far east consists of volcanic ranges. • Contains islands off of the peninsula.

  3. 3. Northern European Plain: • Extensive lowland area. • Chernozem (black earth soil) is fertile and abundant creating good farming. • 75% of the population lives on the plain. 4. West Siberian Plain: • Separated from the Northern Plain by the Ural Mountains. • Division of Europe and Asia (Eurasia)

  4. Southern Landforms • Caucasus mountains separate Russia from Transcaucasia (the republics of Georgia, Azerbaijan, & Armenia). • Central Asia contains the republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan which are dominated by the Tian Shan Mountains.

  5. Caucasus Mountains

  6. Central Asia and Transcaucasia

  7. Rivers and Lakes • Arctic basin is the largest drainage system in the region. • The ob, Yenisey, and the Lena drain in the Arctic. • Volga River is the longest (2,300 miles) • Carries 60% of Russia’s traffic. • Caspian and Aral seas are two of the largest lakes in the world.

  8. Volga River

  9. Caspian and Aral Sea

  10. Caspian Sea is the largest inland sea in the world. • Aral Sea is used for irrigation, and is 80% depleted; could vanish. • Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world; holds 20% of the world’s fresh water.

  11. Aral Sea depletion

  12. Resources • Vast of resources that are difficult to manage. • Challenges include • difficulty transporting resources from remote areas • how to preserve the environment. • Huge reserves of coal, iron ore, metals, oil, and natural gas.

  13. Timber and hydroelectric power are also large resources. • Harsh climates, rugged terrain, and vast distances make it difficult to remove resources and transport. • Many resources are located in Siberia. • Frigid arctic and subarctic region of Russia. • Difficult to attract workers.

  14. Siberia

  15. Mining operations have caused significant damage, as has oil and gas extraction. • Hydroelectric dams have caused damage to plants and animals. • Leaders will have to balance the need for economic growth with their responsibility to protect the environment.

  16. Chapter 15, Section 2 Climate and Vegetation

  17. Climate • Humid continental and subarctic climates dominate much of Russia and the Republics. • Region’s enormous size has a major effect on its climates called continentality. • Distance from the sea affects the amount of precipitation • Distance from the sea results in extreme temperatures.

  18. Siberia ranges from 50 degrees to -90. • Siberians use frozen rivers and lakes as roads for transportation. • Transcaucasia has a subtropical climate zone from the Mediterranean Sea.

  19. Vegetation Regions • Tundra: • In the Arctic climate zone. • Only specific vegetation including mosses, lichens, small herbs, and low shrubs are able to survive. • Forest: • South of the tundra is the largest forest on earth called the taiga. • Mostly coniferous trees. • Fur bearing animals

  20. Tundra

  21. Forest and Taiga

  22. 3. Steppe: • Temperate grassland that extends from southern Ukraine to Altay Mountains. • Chernozem soil which is used to grow grain. 4. Desert: • 2 main deserts include the Kara Kum in Turkmenistan • Kyzyl Kum Desert in Uzbekistan

  23. Steppe

  24. Desert

  25. Candy Questions Time! • Rules of Engagement: • Everything off your desk! • Ms. Barnes will ask a question. • First person to stand up, as witnessed by herself or Mr. McEwen, answers the question. • If they are correct a piece of candy will be tossed their way. If they are wrong the question will be asked again later. • NO changing candies. Be happy with what you have!

  26. Questions 1. Why does the Northern European Plain have the majority of the population? 2. What is chernozem and why is it important? 3. What separates Russia from Transcaucasia?

  27. 4. What is the region’s largest drainage basin? 5. Why is the Aral Sea in danger? 6. Why is Lake Baikal unique? 7. What are some of the resources that have been developed in Russia and the Republics?

  28. 8. Why might extracting and transporting the region’s resources be difficult? 9. In what region are the majority of resources located? 10. Explain how Russia’s size impacts the climate.

  29. 11. What is the name of the largest forest on earth? 12. What kind of vegetation does the steppe have? 13. What type of climate does Transcaucasia have (located near the Mediterranean Sea)?

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