1 / 61

Printers

Printers. Chapter 20. Overview. In this chapter, you will learn to Describe current printer technologies Explain the laser printing process Install a printer on a Windows PC Recognize and fix basic printer problems. Essentials. Getting the Right Sound Card. CompTIA A+ Essentials.

kiefer
Télécharger la présentation

Printers

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Printers Chapter 20

  2. Overview • In this chapter, you will learn to • Describe current printer technologies • Explain the laser printing process • Install a printer on a Windows PC • Recognize and fix basic printer problems

  3. Essentials Getting the Right Sound Card CompTIA A+Essentials Printer Technologies

  4. Impact Printers • Impact printers leave an image on the paper • Physically strike an inked ribbon against the surface of the paper • Relatively slow and noisy • Used for multipart forms • Point of sale receipts • Offices

  5. Dot-Matrix Printers • Dot-matrix printers • Use an array of pins known as printwires to strike an inked printer ribbon and produce images • The case that holds the print wires is called the printhead • Use either 9-pin (draft quality) or 24-pin (letter or near-letter quality)

  6. Inkjet Printers • Inkjet printers • Simple devices that consist of the following: • Printhead, support electronics, a transfer mechanism, and a paper-feed component • Work by ejecting ink through tiny tubes • Ink is heated by tiny resistors or electroconductive plates at the end of each tube • The resistors or plates boil the ink, which creates a tiny air bubble that ejects a droplet of ink onto the paper • Some inkjets use mechanical methods to eject ink • Most color printers are ink-jet and produce a high-quality image

  7. Inside an Inkjet Printer

  8. Inkjet Key Features • Print resolution • Density of the ink • Dots per inch (dpi) • Print speed • Pages per minute (ppm) • Can print to almost anything

  9. Dye-Sublimation Printers • Dye-sublimation printers (or thermal dye transfer printers) use sublimation • Sublimation causes something to change from a solid form into a vapor and then back into a solid • Used for fine detail and rich color • One pass for each color • Produces high-quality output

  10. Thermal Printers • Thermal printers • Same as first generation of fax machines • Two types: direct thermal and thermal wax • Use a heated printhead to burn dots into the surface of special heat-sensitive paper • Still used for receipts at some businesses

  11. Laser Printers • Laser printers use a mechanism called electro-photographic imaging • Produce high-quality and high-speed output of both text and graphics • More expensive than inkjet or impact printers • Use lasers as a light source

  12. Laser Printer Parts • Toner cartridge • Holds the toner • Many other parts that suffer the most wear and tear contained in toner cartridge • Photosensitive drum • Aluminum cylinder coated with particles of photosensitive compounds • Erase lamp • Exposes the entire surface of the photosensitive drum to light

  13. Laser Printer Parts • Primary corona • Enables voltage to pass to the drum and charge the photosensitive particles on its surface • Laser • Acts as the writing mechanism of the printer • Toner • Fine powder made up of plastic particles bonded to iron particles

  14. Laser Printer Parts • Transfer corona • Applies a positive charge to the paper • Fuser • Attaches the toner permanently to the paper using the pressure roller and heated roller • Fuser assembly • Fuses the toner to the paper

  15. Laser Printer Components

  16. Laser Printer Parts • Primary power supply • Provides power to the motors that move the paper, system electronics, and transfer corona • High-voltage power supply • Provides power to the primary corona • When inserting a new toner cartridge, always turn the laser printer off before opening it • Turning gears • Discrete units called gear packs or gearboxes

  17. Laser Printer Parts • System board • Contains the main processor, ROM, and RAM • ROM can often be “flashed” • Not enough RAM results in memory overflow error • Ozone filter • Ozone (O3) can damage printer components • Filter needs to be replaced periodically • Sensors and Switches • Detects paper jams, empty paper trays, low toner levels, and so on

  18. Solid Ink Printers • Use solid sticks of nontoxic “ink” • Produces vibrant color • Ink is melted and absorbed into the paper fibers • Only needs a single pass • More expensive than other printers • But ink sticks are significantly less expensive than inkjet cartridges

  19. Printer Languages • American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) • Basic alphanumeric characters and a variety of control codes for transferring data and controlling printers • Limited in its capability • The PostScript page description language (PDL) developed by Adobe • Device-independent printer language capable of high-resolutions and scalable fonts • Printers print faster because most of the image processing is done by the printer and not the PC • Postscript files are very portable

  20. Printer Languages • Hewlett Packard developed the Printer control language (PCL) • Expanded set of printer commands • Dependent on the printer hardware • Does not support advanced graphical functions • Does not define the page as a single raster image • Windows 2000/XP uses the Windows graphical device interface (GDI) • The operating system handles print functions • If the printer has a capable raster image processor and enough RAM, you don’t need to worry about the printer language

  21. Printer Connectivity • Most printers connect to one of two ports on the PC • DB-25 parallel port • USB port • The parallel port was a lot faster than the existing serial ports at the time • Slow by today’s standards with a maximum data transfer rate of 150 KBps • IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 1284 standard addressed standardizing parallel ports

  22. IEEE 1284 Standard • The IEEE 1284 standard requires • Support for five modes of operation • Compatibility mode, nibble mode, byte mode, EPP, ECP • Standard methods of negotiation for determining which modes are supported • A standard physical interface • A standard electrical interface

  23. Parallel Connections, Cabling, and Electricity • A standard printer cable • A male DB-25 connector on one end and a 36-pinCentronics connector on the other • Acceptable for transferring data at 150 KBps at distances of less than six feet • IEEE 1284-compliantcable • Can be up to 32 feet

  24. USB and FireWire Printers • Most new printers now use USB connections • Most use USB type A on one end and USB type B on the other end • FireWire • Works as easily as USB USB B USB A

  25. Network and Other Printers • Printers can be connected on a network • Needs NIC and connection (typically RJ-45) • Needs IP address (either manually assigned or automatically assigned from DHCP) • Can be connected to print server • Some also have wireless and Bluetooth capabilities • Other printers • Rare, but may see serial or SCSI printers

  26. IT Technician CompTIA A+Technician The Laser Printing Process

  27. Physical Side of the Process • California Cows Won’t Dance The Fandango • Clean • Charge • Write • Develop • Transfer • Fuse

  28. Clean the Drum • Printing process begins by physically and electrically cleaning the photosensitive drum • Physically by scraping the surface of the drum with a rubber cleaning blade • Electrically with an erase lamp to completely discharge any particles

  29. Charge the Drum • Next the drum is charged by applying a negative charge to the entire surface • Charged by primary corona wire • Between ~600 and ~1000 volts

  30. Write and Develop the Image • A laser is used to write and develop an image on the surface of the drum • Every particle hit by the laser will release most of its negative charge into the drum

  31. Transfer the Image • Using the transfer corona, the paper is charged positively • The negatively charged toner particles leap from the drum to the paper

  32. Fuse the Image • Image fused to the paper • The heat roller made of a nonstick material and the pressure roller are used to fuse the image onto the paper • Toner particles melted into the page • Static charge eliminatorremoves charge from paper • Stops paper from stickingto drum

  33. The Electronic Printing Process • Raster image • Laser printers generate a raster image of the page • A raster image is a pattern of dots • Raster image processor (RIP) chip translates the raster image into commands for the laser

  34. The Electronic Printing Process • RIP needs RAM in order to store this data • Mem Overflow error indicates insufficient RAM- Add RAM, reduce the resolution, or print smaller graphics • HP LaserJet 21 error means the data is too complex - Reduce complexity by using fewer fonts and less formatting, reducing graphics resolution, and so on • Resolution enhancement technology (RET) • Enables the printer to insert smaller dots among the characters to smooth out jagged curves • Disabling RET helpsMEM OVERFLOW errors

  35. The Electronic Printing Process • Resolution • A laser printer can print at different resolutions • Resolution is expressed in dots per inch (dpi) such as 600 x 600 or 1200 x 1200 dpi • The first number is the horizontal resolution—how fine a focus can be achieved by the laser • The second number is the vertical resolution—the smallest increment by which the drum can be turned

  36. Installing a Printer in Windows

  37. Printing in Windows 2000/XP • Windows 2000/XP • The physical printer is called a print device • The printer is a program that controls one or more print devices • One printer can support more than one print device • Print drivers • Print spooler

  38. Setting Up Printers • PnP devices usually works after plugging them in • If necessary, can use applets to install • Open the Printers applet • Windows XP: Start  Printers and Faxes • Windows 2000: Start Settings Printers • Or find applet in Control Panel • Click the Add Printer icon to start the Add Printer Wizard

  39. Setting Up Printers • Add Printer wizard • Select local or network printer • Select a printer port

  40. Setting Up Printers • Add Printer Wizard • Add the driver • Windows Update easiest to use (if driver installed) • Or can download driver from manufacturer or use CD accompanying printer and use Have Disk • Checkmark indicates default printer

  41. Optimizing Print Performance • Printout may not match screen colors • Monitors use RGB • Printers use CMYK • Both don’t always match exactly • Calibration • Manually calibrate monitor • Print a test image and adjust monitor to match printout • Automatically calibrate printer • Use an International Color Consortium (ICC) color profile • Instructs the printer to print colors a certain way

  42. Troubleshooting Printers

  43. General Troubleshooting Issues • Tools of the trade • Multimeter • Cleaning solutions such as denatured alcohol • Extension magnet for retrieving loose screws • CD or USB drive with test patterns • Phillips-head or flat-head screwdriver

  44. General Troubleshooting Issues • Job never prints • Is the printer on? Connected? Does it have paper? • Check the spooler status • Can bypass spooler if desired • Strange sizes • Points to setup error • Check the Page Setup option in the application

  45. General Troubleshooting Issues • Misaligned or garbage prints • A corrupted or incorrect driver—reinstall • You may have asked the printer to do something it can’t do, such as printing Postscript with a PCL driver • Consumables • Printer components should be properly disposed of to avoid environmental hazards • Some companies buy used toner cartridges

  46. Sharing multiple printers A mechanical switch box may be used to share multiple printers Laser printers should only be used with electronic switch boxes Crashes on power up Printers require a lot of power on start up HP recommends that you turn on the laser printer first and then the PC Other Issues

  47. Troubleshooting Dot Matrix Printers • Dot-matrix printers require regular maintenance • The printhead and the platen should be cleaned with denatured alcohol • Prevents problems such as white bars on text, dots and smudges on paper, and so on • Gears and pulleys should be lubricated according to the manufacturer’s specifications • Bad-looking text • Dirty or damaged printhead • Clean with denatured alcohol or replace • Bad-looking page • Clean the platen with denatured alcohol • Replace the ribbon

  48. Troubleshooting Inkjet Printers • Use the maintenance software that came with the printer setup program • Align and clean the print heads • Ink will dry out in a short time if an inkjet printer is not used—the ink in the tiny nozzles of the printhead dries out • Multisheet grab • Fan the paper • Let the printer rest if you’ve been printing a lot • Humidity can be an issue • Clean the small tank where the printhead rests or parks with a paper towel

  49. Troubleshooting Laser Printers • Print a diagnostic print page as a first-step in troubleshooting • Hold down the On Line button as the printer is started as a first step in troubleshooting • Blank paper • Out of toner • Print a diagnostic page, remove the toner cartridge, and look at the imaging drum—if an image is there, the transfer corona or high-voltage power supply is bad

  50. Laser Printer Maintenance • Keep printer clean • Excess toner and paper dust commonly cause the printer to get dirty • Clean with a special low-static vacuum designed for electrical components or a can of compressed air • The rubber guide rollers will pick up dirt and paper dust over time, which causes paper jams

More Related