1. Pascale Valles Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Research Experience for Teachers Radio Astronomy (Encyclopedia of Science)

2. Radio Astronomy • The study of the invisible universe • Radio Waves • Radio Telescope (MIT Haystack)

3. Electromagnetic Spectrum • Visible Light • Radio waves (Wikipedia)

4. Observations • Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation • Probe the “Dark Ages” • Earliest generation of galaxies • Analyze and explore the black holes • Pulsar • Seti • Unnatural signals

5. Observations • Dust-shrouded environments • Birth of stars and planets • Center of the Milky Way • Trace hydrogen gas • location, density, and motion • ¾ of ordinary matter

6. Atomic Hydrgen (Science Photo Library)

7. How Radio Telescopes Work • Two basic components: • Large radio antenna • a sensitive radiometer or radio receiver (National Radio Astronomy Observatory)

8. (University of Oregon)

9. Using the SRT • Software controller • JAVA computer language • Start up the program • Simulation vs. Normal mode • Coordinate points • Azimuth (x-axis) • Elevation (y-axis)

10. How to use the SRT (MIT Haystack)

11. Moving the telescope • Click on pre-set object • Click “track” • Telescope movement • Yellow  Red (Museum of Arts and Sciences Daytona)

12. Moving the Telescope • Click “azel” button • top of the screen • Click in the text field • bottom left of the screen • Azimuth, Space, Elevation, Enter • Telescope movement

13. Frequency Plot • Click “freq” button • top of the screen • 1420.4 Hz • Frequency vs. temperature (intensity) plot • Upper right   • Automatic Updates

14. Doppler Shift Change in frequency of a wave for an observer moving relative to the source of the wave. (Wikipedia)

15. Doppler Shift (Physics Classroom)

16. Doppler Shift (Physics Classroom)

17. Doppler Shift • 1420.4 MHz peak • Shifts • Motion of hydrogen • Towards • Away • Measure frequency shift • Determine relative speed of hydrogen • Rotation velocity is determined

18. Temperature • Radiation • Radio waves • Hotter=more radio waves • Assign temperature