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Effective Design of Client/Server Information Systems: A Comprehensive Guide

This guide delves into client/server information systems focusing on LAN hardware and software, connectivity, analysis, design, and implementation strategies. Explore the paradigm shift, logical and physical architecture, connectivity, compatibility, and the benefits and challenges of C/S IS. Learn about top-down approaches, business requirements, and the OSI model. Understand the business-oriented analysis, user issues, resource sharing, database distribution, and the characteristics of C/S IS. Dive into the logical and physical technology architecture, scalability, transparency, and distributed transaction processing. Gain insights into the client/server versus mainframe/terminal architecture, two-tiered and three-tiered C/S architecture, and more.

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Effective Design of Client/Server Information Systems: A Comprehensive Guide

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  1. Chapter 1: Introduction to Client/Server IS • LAN • LAN Hardware Components • LAN Software Components • LAN Connectivity • Client/Server IS (C/S IS) • Effective Analysis, Design and Implement of C/S IS • C/S Connectivity and Compatibility • C/S Analysis - business oriented • Paradigm Shift • Logical Architecture of C/S • Physical Architecture of C/S

  2. Local Area Network • Limited to a geographical area • owned, administrated and used by a single organization (not subject to FCC regulations) • support moderate data transfer rates with lower error rates • supports full connectivity among WS

  3. LAN Hardware Components • Network Interface Card • Server - types • Workstation • Hub, MAU, Concentrator, Switch • Connector • Cable • UPS

  4. LAN Software Components • Network Operating System • Backup Software • Workstation System Software • Network Application Programs

  5. LAN Connectivity

  6. Client/Server Information Systems • Client/Server Information System • Distributed IS • Organization’s Success • right information • right end user • right format • right place and time • right price

  7. Benefits of C/S IS • Resource Sharing • Communication • GroupWare • Management Control • Reduced Costs - downsizing • Support business environmental changes • Improved Information Accessbility • Faster/Better Information • Open Architecture - Compatibility Issues • Empowered Users

  8. Problems of C/S IS • Transition Costs • High cost of training, support • Multivendor architecture • Lack of management tools for distributed environment • Lack of standards • Technology not ready for missing critical application • Lack of software conversion tools

  9. Effective Analysis, Design, & Implmentation of C/S(1): Top-Down Approach

  10. Top-Down Approach: • Business • identifying business-level objectives • strategic business planning • BPR • Application • identifying information need • relating information needs to business process & opportunities

  11. Top-Down Approach: Effective Analysis, Design, & Implmentation of C/S(2) • Data • identifying data collection and distribution • data modeling • Network • network analysis & design • physical location data • data characteristics & compatabilities • data transfer • Technology • technology analysis

  12. Business Application Data Network Technology Business Requirements/Functions Application Design Database Design Network Model Logical Network Design Technology Model Physical Network Design Top-Down Approach

  13. Client/Server Connectivity and Compatibilities Issues • The OSI Model • Application • Presentation • Session • Transport • Network • Data Link • Physical

  14. Business-Oriented Client/Server Analysis • User Issues • # of users, their activities, security, support • Local Communication • required speed, distance to cover • Resource Sharing • # of printer, modems, etc • File Sharing • # of concurrent users

  15. Business-Oriented Client/Server Analysis • Distributed Data Access • database partition & allocation • Client/Server IS Management/Administration • personnel training • Extended Communication • internetworking

  16. Paradigm Shift

  17. People Architecture • Dawn of empowered user • Cross-functional, user department-based application development • MIS personnel in consultative roles • Changing role for centralized MIS department

  18. Logical Architecture of C/S IS • PAD Architecture • Presentation (User Interface) • Application (Processing) • Data (Data Manipulation)

  19. Figure 1-11 Presentation-Application-Data Logical Model

  20. Figure 1-12 Potential Categories of Elements of Client/Server Information Systems

  21. Characteristics of C/S IS • Client-based Presentation

  22. Figure 1-13 Presentation + Processing + Data Management = Logical Client/Server Architecture

  23. Characteristics of C/S IS • Transparency

  24. Characteristics of C/S IS • Scalability

  25. Characteristics of C/S IS • Interprocess Communication

  26. Figure 1-16 Distributed Processing Requires Interprocess Communications

  27. Characteristics of C/S IS • Database Distribution

  28. Figure 1-17 Key Components of Database Distribution

  29. Characteristics of C/S IS • Distributed Transaction Processing

  30. Figure 1-19 Local versus Distributed Transaction Process Monitoring

  31. Figure 1-20 The Top-Down Model and Logical Client/Server Architecture

  32. Physical/Technology Architecture • Client/Server Architecture vs. Mainframe/Terminal Architecture

  33. Figure 1-21b Client/Server versus Mainframe-Terminal Architectures

  34. Figure 1-21a Client/Server versus Mainframe-Terminal Architectures

  35. Figure 1-23 Example of an Enterprise Network Physical Topology

  36. Two Tierd vs. Three-Tiered CS Architecture • Two-tierd • Three-tierd

  37. Figure 1-24 Two-Tiered versus Three-Tiered Client/Server Architecture

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