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Understanding Electrical Connectors: Types, Uses, and Wiring Standards

Discover the world of electrical connectors with key terms, examples, and applications. Learn about connectors like TRS, Banana, RJ Series, Molex, and Cinch Jones, their features, and wiring standards. Find essential information on making connections, avoiding fires, and using relays.

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Understanding Electrical Connectors: Types, Uses, and Wiring Standards

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  1. Choosing Wiresly Or, Sizing your wires so as not to cause a fire.

  2. Wire Sizing Chart

  3. Making the Connection Different Types of Electrical Connectors and Their Uses

  4. Introduction • There are literally thousands of different type electrical connectors, each with their own purpose. This presentation will introduce a select few which are fairly common and readily available.

  5. Terms and Definitions • Male – Connector with exposed metal contacts which are “plugged into” or otherwise inserted into female connector. • Female – Connector, usually with recessed contacts. • Plug – Male Connector • Jack – Female Connector

  6. Terms and Definitions • Polarization – Connector is made so that it cannot be plugged in incorrectly. • Example: Typical “lamp cord” has one prong larger than the other: Larger (Neutral) Prong Smaller (Hot) Prong

  7. Terms and Definitions • Positions – Number of conductors/ contacts that connector has. • Some common connectors and the number of contacts for each:

  8. Credits • All photographs were obtained from the All Electronics web site, www.allelectronics.com unless otherwise noted. Part Numbers are shown next to the photos in Italics.

  9. TRS Audio Connector • This Type of connector is usually used for audio applications such as for headphones, instrument cables, and patch bays. • TRS – Tip, Ring, and Sleeve Ring Tip Sleeve

  10. TRS Audio Connector • Available in three standard diameters • ¼” • 1/8” (3.5mm) • 3/32” (2.5mm) • Features: Quick and easy connect/disconnect, ¼” size is fairly durable, up to 3 contacts.

  11. TRS Connector • Available in Monaural (Tip and Sleeve) and Stereo (Tip, Ring, and Sleeve). ¼” Mono Plug - MPHM ¼” Stereo Plug - MPHS Stereo Panel-Mount Jack Mono Panel-Mount Jack SPHJ-S PHJ-S

  12. Banana Connectors • Banana Connectors are very commonly found in test equipment, such as multimeters and power supplies. They are NOT polarized and are typically not safe for high voltages. Banana Jack (A.K.A. – Binding Post) Banana Plug BPL-R 5-BP-B

  13. Banana Connectors • Features: Good for currents up to approximately 10A, Good general purpose DC connector. • This is the type of connector used for the 12VDC connections on the Grid. Available in Pairs as well. Slot on one side of connector Typically denotes “Negative” side. BP-2 Shown

  14. “RJ” Series Jacks and Plugs • The “RJ” series plugs and jacks are typically used for communications connects. The RJ-11 and RJ-12 connectors are used for telephone connects, and the RJ-45 is most frequently used for CAT-5 Networking cable. RJ-45 RJ-11/12

  15. “RJ” Series Jacks and Plugs • Features: This type of connector is polarized, very inexpensive, and very common. • Drawbacks: These connectors can handle only small amounts of current and require a crimper to connect to cable.

  16. “RJ” Series Jacks and Plugs

  17. “RJ” Series Jacks and Plugs • Jacks: RJ-12 Jack w/ Leads RJ-11 Wall Plate Jack MT-107 MT-61

  18. RJ45 IEEE 568 Wiring Standard

  19. “Molex” Multi-pin Connectors • Good general-purpose polarized power connectors. Available in 2 to 15 positions. • Requires some time wiring. 2 Position “Molex” connector Available from Radio Shack

  20. “Cinch Jones” Multi-Pin Connectors • “Cinch Jones” connectors are very sturdy, polarized connectors capable of handling up to 10A. Available from www.mouser.com

  21. Using Relays Why did you bother mentioning these things, anyway?

  22. Simple Relay Circuit for 120VAC

  23. Simple Relay Circuit for 12VDC

  24. Relay Circuit for Controlling Motor Direction

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