1 / 35

Professor John Handley

Adapting the city: preparing for climate change in Greater Manchester. Professor John Handley. University of Manchester. with Jeremy Carter, Gina Cavan, Angela Connelly, Simon Guy and Aleksandra Kazmierczak. Presentation outline. Global and European climate projections

kioko
Télécharger la présentation

Professor John Handley

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Adapting the city: preparing for climate change in Greater Manchester Professor John Handley University of Manchester with Jeremy Carter, Gina Cavan, Angela Connelly, Simon Guy and Aleksandra Kazmierczak

  2. Presentation outline • Global and European climate projections • UK Climate Change Risk Assessment • Towards a vulnerability and risk assessment framework • Recent trends in climate and the climate projections for Greater Manchester • Climate change risk and impact assessment • Building adaptive capacity • Ways forward and priority actions

  3. Climate zones shift in a +4°C world Source: New, Liverman and Anderson, 2009

  4. Climate change in Europe: high emissions scenario Source: EC Green Paper, 2007

  5. UK Climate Change Risk Assessment “Potential climate risks in other parts of the world are thought to be much greater than those directly affecting the UK, but could have a significant indirect impact here. These risks include effects on global health, political stability and international supply chains.” Source: UK CCRA 2012

  6. Climate change adaptation • “…adjustments in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderate harm or exploit beneficial opportunities.” (IPCC 2007) EcoCities goal: to provide Greater Manchester with its first blueprint for an integrated climate change adaptation strategy, based on leading scientific research and extensive stakeholder engagement.

  7. A framework for climate change risk and vulnerability assessment in urban areas • A new vulnerability and risk management paradigm is emerging as a useful framework for enabling city decision makers to adapt to climate change Source: World Bank 2009; Urban Climate Change Research Network, 2011

  8. Recent changes and trends in Greater Manchester’s climate Annual average daily mean temperature (°C) for 1961-1990 and 1971-2000 Annual average daily mean temperature for Greater Manchester, 1914-2006

  9. UK Climate Projections (UKCP09) • Probabilistic climate change projections on a 25x25km grid based on three GHG emissions scenarios • Weather generator produces hourly and daily outputs of climate for a specific location on a 5x5km grid

  10. Climate projections for Greater Manchester • EcoCities combined both outputs from UKCP09 by creating a climate classification for Greater Manchester on a 5km grid with climate change projections for the high emissions scenario for the 2050s • Detailed outputs are also provided for the 5km grid square over central Manchester for 3 scenarios

  11. Climate projections for Greater Manchester • Climate change projections are shown at three probability levels: • 10% probability level – unlikely to be less than • 50% probability level – as likely as not • 90% probability level – unlikely to be greater than

  12. Annual mean temperature, 2050s high scenario

  13. Temperature of the warmest day in summer

  14. Number of heatwave events per year in central Manchester

  15. Number of cooling degree days per year in central Manchester

  16. Number of heating degree days per year in central Manchester

  17. Winter mean precipitation

  18. Summer mean precipitation

  19. Number of days with heavy rainfall per year in central Manchester

  20. Potential climate change impacts for business • Risks of business disruption due to flooding • Insurance industry: exposure to flood risk • Hotter summers are projected to increase the risk of overheating in workplaces • Warmer temperatures might increase the region’s appeal as a tourist destination • Opportunities to provide adaptation-related products and services at home and abroad Adapted from UK CCRA 2012

  21. Potential impacts for health and wellbeing • Hotter summers are projected to increase the risk of heat-related death and illness • Milder winters are projected to result in a major reduction in the risk of cold-related death and illness • Casualties due to flooding and the impact of floods on mental well-being are both projected to increase • Health problems caused by air pollution may increase Adapted from UK CCRA 2012

  22. Potential impacts on buildings and infrastructure • Overheating is an increased risk to building occupants • Energy demands for cooling are likely to increase • Energy demands for heating are projected to decrease • Flood risks to buildings and key infrastructure increase • Damage to road and rail bridges projected to increase • Sewers projected to fill and surcharge more frequently • Water resources are projected to become scarcer • Functionality of green infrastructure could be impaired by drought Adapted from UK CCRA 2012

  23. EcoCities research at three spatial scales • EcoCities carried out research across three levels of scale: • Greater Manchester (Example 1) • Neighbourhood (Example 2) • Building (Example 3)

  24. Vulnerability of communities to surface water flooding Greater Manchester • Past events and future trends suggest increasing flood risk • Assessment of the current vulnerability of communities • Emergency services as adaptive capacity • Future economic development of GM will affect the vulnerability of communities • Future land use changes will affect the risk of surface flooding Neighbourhood Building

  25. Adapting The Corridor with green infrastructure Greater Manchester • Increasing occurrence of high temperatures and heat waves • City centres are particularly vulnerable due to UHI • Green Infrastructure as an adaptive measure • Importance of The Corridor partnership in delivering the changes Neighbourhood Building © John McAslan and Partners, Manchester

  26. Retrofitting office buildings for higher temperatures Greater Manchester • High temperatures are on the increase but cold spells still require appropriate measures • Worker productivity is affected by their thermal comfort • Retrofitting physical measures is one solution • Adaptive capacity can also be seen in human expectations and behaviour • Adaption to climate change needs to address overheating, enhance human comfort, reduce costs and help mitigation actions Neighbourhood Building

  27. EcoCities – Four degrees of preparation EcoCities findings are presented on a website including a spatial portal, document library, related research and additional resources www.adaptingmanchester.co.uk

  28. From blueprint to action...? • The Greater Manchester Climate Strategy aims to shape Greater Manchester as a place that radically cuts emissions and secures growth whilst minimising vulnerability and increasing resilience to a rapidly changing climate. • It will strengthen adaptation functions that operate on a sub-regional / regional scale, e.g. water supply, flood risk management, transport and green infrastructure Source: Greater Manchester Climate Strategy 2011-2020

  29. Meeting the adaptation challenge (1) Greater Manchester is potentially well-placed to meet the adaptation challenge because: • The frameworks for natural process (watershed and airshed) are broadly congruent with the administrative geography of GM; Source: Greater Manchester Climate Strategy 2011-2020

  30. Meeting the adaptation challenge (2) • The governance frameworks linking district to district, and districts to business and the wider community are substantially in place • There is a shared commitment to action on adaptation through the GM Strategy and GM Climate Strategy • Partnership working with the University sector is gaining strength, e.g. EcoCities

  31. UK Climate Change Risk Assessment • Priorities for action within next 5 years: • Flood and coastal erosion risk management • Specific aspects of natural ecosystems • Management of water resources, particularly in areas with increasing water scarcity • Overheating of buildings and other infrastructure in the urban environment • Risks to health, e.g. from heatwaves and flooding • Economic opportunities, especially to develop adaptation products and services Source: UK CCRA 2012

  32. Key actions at conurbation level • Strategic planning • Green Infrastructure Framework • Strategic Flood Risk Assessment • Biodiversity Action Plan • Climate Vulnerability Assessment? • Emergency planning • NHSManchester Heatwave Plan 2010 • The Greater Manchester Resilience Forum • Greater Manchester Risk Register • Ensuring a diverse set of responses are in place to target all communities?

  33. Taking foward the climate change partnership • Using EcoCities resources to tackle vulnerability and building adaptive capacity towards Safeguarding Communities • Investing for the long-term in our Buildings and Infrastructure to increase resilience to future extreme weather events and to complement mitigation strategies • Keeping the links open between private, public and voluntary sectors to support the generation of innovative Finance and Investment mechanisms.

  34. Many thanks to Bruntwood and the Oglesby Charitable Trust for their generous support of the EcoCities programme.

  35. Adapting the city

More Related