Envisioning the Future: Lifelong Learning through Technological Evolution in Korea

1. Envisioning the Future: Lifelong Learning through Technological Evolution in Korea Youngmin Lee, Ph.D. National Center for Lifelong Education, Korean Educational Development Institute, Korea

2. National Issues and Demands Lifelong Learning Policy and Practices Intro to National Center for Lifelong Education Informatization Plan in LLL (’01-’12) Final Remarks Table of Contents

3. Words of Wisdom 1 “ “How you gather, manage, and use of information will determine whether you win or lose” Bill Gates, Microsoft CEO <Book: “Business@Speed of Thoughts”> ”

4. Words of Wisdom 2 “ “The Power of the Network to Change the Way We Work, Live, Play, and (Lifelong) Learn” John Chamber, Cisco Systems CEO <Book: “Cisco Unauthorized” > ”

5. What I would like to see… My Philosophy of Life • Fear replaced with intrigue • Fog replaced with clarity • Blindness replaced with skepticism • Rules replaced with tacit knowledge • Comfort replaced with risk & fear • Timidity replaced with resolute action • Passivity replaced with engagement Youngmin Lee [My dictionary]

6. Introduction to Lifelong Learning

7. Concepts of Learning “ “For some who practices strongly, even walking, eating, drinking tea, meeting friends, peeling a ripe persimmon, using the toilet, walking through the busy market, feeling the sudden autumn wind on one's face, watching a passing car on the busy city street- all of these moments are our practice, or manhaeng (=learning)” Hyungak, Buddhist priest and author of the book, ‘Manhaeng: The itinerary from Harvard University to Hwakye temple’ ”

8. Concepts of Lifelong Learning A narrow meaning “ Lifelong learning is all kinds of systematic learning activities EXCEPT FOR formal school educational system” (Korean Lifelong Learning Law # 2) A broad meaning “ Lifelong learning is all learning activity undertaken throughout life, with the aim of improving knowledge, skills and competence, within a personal, civic, social and/or employment-related perspective ” (EU commission) “ Lifelong learning is education resulting from integration of formal, non-formal, and informal education so as to create ability for continuous lifelong development of quality of life” (OECD)

9. A Broad Range of Lifelong Learning From formal learning to non-formal learning to informal learning Vertical Integration Horizontal Integration From youth to adolescent to young adult to old adult to the elderly

10. National Issues and Demands in Korea

11. 1.75 1.6 1.08 20 20.8% 15 14.3% Korea 1993 7.2% 10 Korea 2006 OECDavg. 0 2000 2018 2026 Issue 1: Low birth rate and aging population The decrease of average birth rate Potential economical growth with the increase of old aging people The percentage of old aging people in the population 4.12% 3.43% 3.33% Potential Economical Growth 2.64% 1.45% Year By year 11~20 21~30 31~40 31~40 06~10

12. Issue 2: Social and educational polarization Average income rate of employees in urban area by their academic degree Korean Won Post-secondary ed. level 350 300 250 200 150 100 secondary ed. level primary ed. level 2004 2005 2006 By year Average monthly expenses for education by income stratum 1st social stratum 7.8 Man won (= $85) 10th social stratum 52.3 Man won (=$ 600)

13. Issue 3: The lower economical growth National economical growth by the years Unemployment rate in 2006 Economical Growth (%) 8.7% 4.0% 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 By year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2000 Avg. rate in 2006 Young adults (19~29 yr. olds)

14. Issue 4: Lack of social interests on LLL University registration of over 35-year old adulthood Korea USA 2.9% 16.4% UK New Zealand 23.9% 22.0% Participation rate of lifelong learning with the ages of 25-64 Australia 89% Denmark 80% OECD avg. 52%(’02) UK 38% Korea 23.4%

15. Lifelong Learning Policy and Practices of Korea- “Never too soon or too late for learning”-

16. Learning Korea Vision & Mission Empowerment of LLL infrastructure Continuous vocational ed. • Amendment of National LL law • Foundation of a new LLL organization • Designation of new LLL cities • Work to School, School to Work • Empowering women & the elderly • Support for vocational colleges National Competitiveness & Social Integration Approach to social integration Expansion of LLL opportunities • Opportunities for the marginalized • New starts for illiterate programs • Expansion of LLL institutions • Flexible academic degree system • Ubiquitous LLL environment • Credit bank system for mil. servicemen Promotion of LLL culture • Nationwide & Local LLL festival • Nationwide LLL award ceremony • International Partnerships for LLL

17. Mission 1: Empowerment of LLL infrastructure Amendment of National LLL law Designation of New LLL cities Foundation of new LLL organization

18. Mission 2: Approach to social integration Opportunities for the marginalized New starts for illiterate programs Expansion of LL institutions

19. Mission 3: Continuous vocational ed. system Work to School, School to Work Empowering women & the elderly Support for vocational colleges

20. Mission 4: Expansion of LLL opportunities Flexible academic degree system Ubiquitous LLL environment Credit bank system for mil. men

21. Mission 5: Promotion of LLL culture Nationwide & Local LLL festival Nationwide LLL award ceremony International Partnerships for LLL

22. Introduction to National Center for Lifelong Education (NCLE)

23. Governance of NCLE Other ministries of Korea Ministry of MOE & HRD Cooperation and Coalition International & national institutions NCLE Partnerships & Collaboration 16 central LLL centers 57 LLL cities 233 municipal governments 380 LLL centers Partnerships & Collaboration 16 metropolitan educational agencies

24. Mission Statements of NCLE “ “The National Center for Lifelong Education is endeavoring to transform the current education system into an open lifelong education system through innovation of the school education and adult education system, thereby creating a society based on lifelong learning. In order to achieve a society of lifelong education, the Center will strive to improve the quality of life for each individual and enhance his or her capability for employment.” ”

25. Org. Structure and Tasks of NCLE Learning city project Supporting and financing municipal government by designating “lifelong learning city” Lifelong Learning Planning Team The illiterate Project Lifelong Learning Information & Supporting Team Providing funds for the illiterate and award the academic degree (elementary level) Lifelong Learning & Training Team National Center for Lifelong Education Informatization Project Promoting nationwide informatization and LL information exchange through the use of Internet Municipal Lifelong Learning Centers Associated Institutions Others Fostering nationwide LL culture with enlisting LL learners and awarding LL institutions & opening festival

26. Informatization Plan in LLL (’01-’12)

27. Principles of Informatization in LLL 1. Make all media available to anyone who would like to enjoy LLL 2. No “Super Technology”, balance with the needs of LLL learners 3. As much control of the pace of learning as possible 4. Draw the attention to LLL learners’ needs and concerns 5. LLL contents should be active, useful, and interesting 6. Well-designed LLL system facilitates LLL learners’ interaction 7. LLL system should provide clear guidance for LLL learners 8. Meet the higher expectancy and motivation of LLL learners 9. LLL contents & information should be updated frequently 10. What we see and hear is critical, but what we feel is essential !

28. Vision & Mission of Informatization Plan We Build Human, Knowledge, & Learning Community Through Informatization Plan ofLLL 2009-2012 Artificial Intelligence-based Information system Inter & Intra-connected system 2005-2008 meta information system 2001-2004

29. Internet 1st Plan: Informatization in LLL (’01-’04) System Architecture Learners Router Fire-wall Web server #1 Web server #2 Local centers Gigabit Ethernet L4 Switch VOD #1 VOD #2 Local Resident B/B Switch Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Municipal Government Internet Lines LCMS community Consulting DB LMS Backup server 1000M Ethernet Fiber Channel Backup system SAN Switch Storage

30. Informatization Process by year ’01- ’04 2001 - LLL system - LLL teacher DB - LLL course DB Final Direction of 1st informatization → Toward meta information system 2002 - Local center systems - LLL contents - Search Robot system 2003 - LLL contents - e-learning system - CMS-typed system Training for local center administrator, webmaster, & LLL coordinators 2004 - DB mining system - LLL contents - System update Training for local center administrator, webmaster, & LLL coordinators Webpage, Web Solution, Search Robot, e-learning contents, LMS, LCMS

31. LLL Learners LLL DB 2nd Plan: Informatization in LLL (’05-’08) HRD-net & Job net [Ministry of Labor] Local Institutes 1:1 service community Strong Connection With Other Systems & Networks IT Study net [Ministry of Information & Communication] System support LLL system services LLL info LLL Comm. Stats Info Women-net [Ministry of Woman welfare] Learning Local residents Others … … System admin.

32. Informatization Process by year ’05- ’08 2005 - LLL ISP plan - LLL course DB - LLL system upgrade Final Direction of 2nd informatization → Toward inter & Intra-connected information system with system standardization (OOP & XML) 2006 - API Search system - LLL contents - LLL DB sharing 2007 - Multi-LMS system - LMS upgrade - CMS upgrade Training for local center administrator, webmaster, LLL coordinators, teachers, public officers, and governors 2008 - Digital Archiving - LCMS upgrade - Mobile service Training for local center administrator, webmaster, LLL coordinators, teachers, public officers, and governors Blog, Community of Practice, Blended learning, Mobile learning service

33. 3rd Plan: Informatization in LLL (’09-’12) u-learning m-learning e-learning Convergence Spatiality Timeness Accessibility Mobility Pervasiveness Settlement (~’04) Diffusion (~’08) Outset (~’12)

34. Ubiquitous Learning in LLL settings Mobility Flexibility Urgency Learning Human Technology Environment Convergence Authenticity Pervasiveness Formal Learning (Traditional School Block) Non-formal Learning (Beyond School Boundary) Informal Learning (Daily Life and Practice)

35. Ubiquitous Learning & LLL Definition of U-learning A newly emerging learning environment surrounded by ubiquitous technology, which enhance human daily life learning activities in school settings, workplaces, regional communities, and global society Defined by Youngmin Lee (2005) Definition of Lifelong Learning Lifelong learning is all learning activity undertaken throughout life, with the aim of improving knowledge, skills and competence, within a personal, civic, social and/or employment-related perspective EU commission → Ubiquitous learning is a type of lifelong learning, which is enhanced by ubiquitous learning technology and systems

36. Informatization Process by year ’09- ’12 2009 - Career Mgt. system - Learn. Account sys. - Coaching system Final Direction of 3rd informatization → Toward artificial intelligence-based information system with Ubiquitous technology 2010 - e-portfolio system - e-repository system - Authoring tools 2011 - Ubiquitous support - Monitoring system - Web-guidance Training for local center administrator, webmaster, & LLL coordinators 2012 - CRM building - agent-based system - System update Training for local center administrator, webmaster, & LLL coordinators Ed. simulation and games, mobile & ubiquitous learning, virtual reality

37. Final Remarks “ “When Alexander the Great called on Diogenes, he found the famous Greek philosopher impoverished and sitting in the sunlight. “Is there anything I can do for you?” Alexander asked. “Yes,” replied Diogenes, “you can stand out of my sun.” What is most important might not be far from us, but close to us. →Let’s Make the World Better by Lifelong Learning !

38. For More Information Contact: Youngmin Lee, Ph. D. National Center for Lifelong Education. Korean Educational Development Institute +10-4343-7074 ylee@kedi.re.kr & edutek@dreamwiz.com