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Introduction to the Cold War

Introduction to the Cold War. End of war in European and Pacific Theaters UN Charter The Truman Doctrine The Marshall Plan. Bi-Polar political/economic systems. Once allies against Hitler, the Soviet Union and the United States confront each other at the end of World War II.

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Introduction to the Cold War

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  1. Introduction to the Cold War End of war in European and Pacific Theaters UN Charter The Truman Doctrine The Marshall Plan

  2. Bi-Polar political/economic systems • Once allies against Hitler, the Soviet Union and the United States confront each other at the end of World War II. The two tools are symbols of the industrial proletariat and the peasantry respectively; placing them together symbolises the unity between agricultural and industrial workers.

  3. United Nations • Chartered 1945 • San Francisco, CA • U.S. a perm. Member • HQ in New York • Preamble • We the Peoples of the United Nations Determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and • to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and • to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and • to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, • And for these Ends • to practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbors

  4. Excerpt…Truman Doctrine …..The seeds of totalitarian regimes are nurtured by misery and want. They spread and grow in the evil soil of poverty and strife. They reach their full growth when the hope of a people for a better life has died. We must keep that hope alive. The free peoples of the world look to us for support in maintaining their freedoms. If we falter in our leadership, we may endanger the peace of the world -- and we shall surely endanger the welfare of our own nation. Great responsibilities have been placed upon us by the swift movement of events. I am confident that the Congress will face these responsibilities squarely. March 12, 1947

  5. Containment (Truman) • Containing communism where it exist • Basis of the Truman Doctrine • EX. Order 9835 • Loyalty boards est. • National Security Act, 1947 • Creates new gov’t agencies: CIA, DOD w/AF as a separate branch, NSC • Marshall Plan

  6. Marshall Plan (Sec. of State) • The United States adopts the Truman Doctrine: it will defend freedom and democracy worldwide. Secretary of State George Marshall proposes a massive aid plan to bolster economic recovery in Europe.

  7. Late 1950s-1950s • NATO formed (1949) • Chinese taken over by communist Mao Zedong • Korean War (1950-1953) • NSC-68 • Red Scare at home: House Un-American Activities Committee • Truman’s Fair Deal 1946: Top film BELAM starring Boris Karloff 1946: Best actress (academyawards) Joan Crawford 1947: Jackie Robinson breaks color line in MLB 1947: Levittown opens

  8. Eisenhower Administration • 1954: Brown decision • 1955: Top music Rock around the Clock /bill haley and the comets • 1955: Brooklyn Dodgers World Series champs • 1955: Gunsmoke premiers. • $ 64,000 question and I Love Lucy top t.v. shows • Interstate System established • 55-56:Montgomery bus boycotts • New Look • Armistices over Korea • SEATO formed (1954) • Kitchen Debates (1959) • Khrushchev: You are a lawyer for capitalism and I am a lawyer for communism. Let's compare.

  9. Kennedy • 1963: MLK, Jr. I have a Dream at the Lincoln Memorial • 1963: Feminine Mystique published • 1964: Civil Rights Act signed by L. Johnson • 1965: Best new artist (Grammys) Beatles • Best Song: Hello Dolly • Best Picture: (Oscars) The Sound of Music • New Frontier • Bay of Pigs • Cuban Missile Crisis • Advisors to Vietnam • Freedom Rides • Assassination in Dallas, TX

  10. Sends U.S. combat troops to Vietnam • Civil Rights Act • Voting Rights Act • Great Society • Counterculture • Black Power • Women’s Movement • Dr. King assassinated • Ends Vietnam War after initial escalation • Travels to China • Affirmative Action • Man walks on the moon • Watergate • U.S. troops leave Vietnam • Appoints G.H.W.Bush ambassador to China and Director of CIA • Longest living president to date Lyndon Johnson Richard Nixon Gerald Ford R R D

  11. Est. Dept. of Energy • Camp David Accords • Panama Canal Treatise • Fall of the Shah of Iran • American taken hostage in Iran (444 days) • Boycotts 1980 Olympics • Reaganomics/Supply side economics • (Inflations drops from 14% under Carter to 4.1% • Iran-Contra • Fires Air traffic controllers • Lowered tax rates • Marine barracks bombed in Beruit • Star Wars • U.S. invasion of Panama • Berlin Wall comes down • Gulf War I • Raises taxes • End of the Cold War Carter Reagan G.H.W.Bush R R D

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