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Computing in the Developing World

Computing in the Developing World. Valeria Esther Nigri Musafir Brazil – Rio de Janeiro. E-Government in Brazil. Introduction E-government Policy Infra-Structure E-government Portal Open Source Cases of Success Social/Digital Divide Future Challenges References. Background.

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Computing in the Developing World

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  1. Computing in the Developing World Valeria Esther Nigri Musafir Brazil – Rio de Janeiro

  2. E-Government in Brazil • Introduction • E-government Policy • Infra-Structure • E-government Portal • Open Source • Cases of Success • Social/Digital Divide • Future Challenges • References

  3. Background Biggest public IT services provider in Brazil Project Manager for e-government implementations System Engineer with Master in Computer Science – PUC/RJ Hubert H. Humphrey Fellow 2002-2003 University of Washington, Seattle Professional Affiliations City of Seattle (DoIT) and Microsoft

  4. Introduction Brazil area: 8,514,204 sq km (World fifth largest country) USA area: 9,372,614 sq km

  5. Demographic Data Source: Censo 2000

  6. E-Government Policy • Information Society Program led by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 1999 - coordinate and leverage all government initiatives on the Internet with the involvement of citizens, private initiatives, government and scientific communities Goal  social inclusion of all Brazilians in the new society and help the country’s economy compete on the global market www.socinfo.org.br Green Book • Inter-ministerial Workgroups supervises the Program - propose policies, norms , directions related with the new forms of electronic interaction. Lines of action: • Market, Employment and Opportunities – support the implementation of e-commerce • Universalization of Services for Citizens Education in the Information Society – promote systems for collective or shared access to Internet

  7. E-Government Policy • Contents and Cultural Identity – promote the generation of contents and applications that emphasize Brazilian cultural identity and matters of local and regional relevance • Government at everyone’s reach – promote the computerization of government administration and the employment of standards in its applicable systems • R&D Key Technologies and Applications – pinpoint the strategic technologies for industrial and economic development and promote R&D projects in universities and in the productive sector • Advanced Infra-Structure and New Services – implement a basic national infrastructure of information, integrating the various specialized network structures – government, private sector and R&D

  8. Infra- Structure Telecommunications and Computers • Between 70’s and 80’s – industry of minicomputers • 90’s – open model (significant reduction of imports taxes) • 1997 – Privatization of the telecommunications and creation of the National Technology Agency (ANATEL) • Fixed phones – 13.3 million (1994) to 49.4 million (2002) • Cell phones – 800,000 (1994) to 31.6 million (2002)

  9. Infra- Structure • Internet • Internet users: 14.3 million (8,31% of the Brazilian's population) 9th position in the world and first in Latin America Computer access – 15% • Br@sil.gov Network – integration of local networks in a multi-service network for the federal government • Internet Providers in 350 out of 5,561 county • World Economic Forum 2002-2003 – Readiness for the Networked World • Overall – #32 (out of 82) and #1 of Latin America countries • E-Government - #15 • E-Commerce - #18 • The OAS chose Brazil to lead the Latin America cooperation network for the e-government

  10. E-Government Services • Out of Internet - 15% • Informational - 45% • Interaction - 20% • Transactional - 20%

  11. E-Government Portal www.e.gov.br 1700 services 22,000 links 1,700 sites from the federal, state and local levels 40 million page view/month www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br www.portoalegre.rs.gov.br www.rio.rj.gov.br

  12. Open Source Squid OpenOffice StarOffice Linux Conectiva OpenBSD KDE Apache Web Server Netscape FreeBSD GNU Linux Linux Redhat Mozilla Browser perl Gnome PHP PostGres MySQL Java BerkeleyDB www.softwarelivre.org

  13. Open Source • “Projeto Software Livre RS” – Open source project has the involvement of Rio Grande do Sul state government, public and private institutions in order to promote the open source as an economic and technological alternative for the proprietary software. • “Projeto Rede Escolar Livre RS” – every public school in RS state should use open source software (basically GSU Linux) • “Forum Social Mundial 2003” - World Social Forum – Porto Alegre, Jan 2003 • “IV Forum Internacional de Software Livre” – Porto Alegre, June 5-7,2003 • Porto Alegre Maps in the Internet (Geoprocessing) • Network Integration using Linux servers • Banrisul (Bank of Rio Grande do Sul State) is using Conectiva Linux in their ATM machines (340 out of 2000) . www.softwarelivre.org

  14. Open x Commercial Software Steve Ballmer - Partnering with Government to realize potential Open Standard x Open Source XML Web Services • Bill Gates • U$5 bi investment in R&D • Rigorous engineering processes • High value & easy to use technologies • Government should give equal opportunities to open & commercial softwares

  15. Cases of Success Electronic Elections • The only totally electronic election in the world – 130 million people voted electronically (elected candidates in last than 24 hours) Portugal, Angola and the state of Florida are interested in electronic ballot • Follow-up of Judicial Processes • Information on Retirement Funds and other Social Security Benefits (5.7 million transactions in 2000)

  16. Cases of Success E-government ReceitaNet 2002 15,500 million declaration of tax revenue 14,165 million sent from Internet 600,000 - paper April 30,2003 17,500 million 16,500 million from Internet (95% of the total declarations) 25,3% sent in the last 3 days 1,6 million in the last day ReceitaNet Awards Recognition of Microsoft Good Practice in e-government from the European Economic Commonwealth (2001) 5 times winner in IBest category Government/Public Services (since 98) INFO 2000 Award - Best Public Services Site www.receita.fazenda.gov.br

  17. Cases of Success E-procurement 130,000 access/month 600,000 transactions/month 140 biddings/day for the governmental ministries, secretaries and agencies. Saving of 25% off conventional purchasing methods 6 months -> 20 days Brazil recently signed a cooperation treaty with Bolivia ComprasNet Awards ”Good Practice in e-governance” from the European Economic Commonwealth (Nov 2002) Hélio Beltrão Award Local government e-procurement www.comprasnet.gov.br

  18. Social Divide A Country of Contrasts Amazonia Two ways of living waterfront Rio de Janeiro

  19. Social Divide A Country of Contrasts

  20. Digital Divide • Goal: Install Electronic Points of Presence (PEP) in every Brazilian town with more than 600 inhabitants to provide free access to the services delivered through Internet. • Installation of 3,500 kiosks around the country Today : installation of 80 pilot kiosks in the federal administrative agencies • “e-Post” Project from the Post Office: provide 4,200 terminals in their branches for the citizen. Goal: provide for every branch with more than 10,000 inhabitants at least one terminal (until the end of 2003) • Service 0700 – implement a cheaper and flat telephonic tariff in all Brazilian counties, ending up with an interurban tariff to access the Internet

  21. Digital Divide • Project “Acessa Sao Paulo” – 69 infocentros (“telecentres”) with free internet access in the interior and low income communities of Sao Paulo. Number of people attended: 750,000 Goal: 300 infocentros until the end of the year www.acessasaopaulo.sp.gov.br • Project “Sampa.org” – bring Internet to • the periphery of Sao Paulo. • 10 telecentres with free Internet access, • classes for children and young people • and a portal devoted to citizenship and • culture • www.sampa.org.br

  22. Digital Divide • CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology) headquarter in Rio de Janeiro – since 1995 • Implements educational programs in Brazil and abroad through itsself-sustainable Information Technology and Citizens Rights schools for low income community centers and special needs individuals such as visually impaired, psychiatric patients, homeless children and indigenous people 37 regional CDI 10 international CDI www.cdi.org.br

  23. Digital Divide • CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology) headquarter in Rio de Janeiro – since 1995 • Implements educational programs in Brazil and abroad through itsself-sustainable Information Technology and Citizens Rights schools for low income community centers and special needs individuals such as visually impaired, psychiatric patients, homeless children and indigenous people www.cdi.org.br

  24. Digital Divide • CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology) headquarter in Rio de Janeiro – since 1995 • Implements educational programs in Brazil and abroad through itsself-sustainable Information Technology and Citizens Rights schools for low income community centers and special needs individuals such as visually impaired, psychiatric patients, homeless children and indigenous people CDI Awards Nov. 2002 "UNESCO 2002 Award", category Comunication and Information Jan. 2001 – Rodrigo Baggio is selected by World Economic Forum - as one of the "100 Global Leaders for Tomorrow". www.cdi.org.br

  25. Digital Divide www.serpro.gov.br Certificate Authority

  26. Future Challenges • Establish policies to reduce the digital divide • Incorporate the productive sector and the universities more effectively • Integrate the e-Government with the states and local levels • Enhance partnerships with the civil society and local communities • Make use of International Cooperation Organizations (FTAA, ALADI, WTO, Mercosur, EU )

  27. References • Information Society in Brazil – Green Book www.socinfo.org.br/livro_verde/ingles/download.htm • E-government Portal www.e.gov.br • Brazil’s Federal Government e-Procurement Portal www.comprasnet.gov.br • Federal Revenue and Customs Secretariat Portal www.receita.fazenda.gov.br • SERPRO Portal www.serpro.gov.br

  28. References • Projeto Software Livre RS (Open Source Project) www.softwarelivre.org • CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology) www.cdi.org.br • Project “Acessa Sao Paulo” www.acessasaopaulo.sp.gov.br • Project “Sampa.org” www.sampa.org.br

  29. Thanks !!! Questions ?? valeria@u.washington.edu

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