Music

1. Music Music Music Literature Literature Literature Art Art Art Art Religion Religion Religion Religion Life Life Life Life

2. THE RENAISSANCE • Renaissance means rebirth, in this case it was the rebirth of Greek and Roman ideology • The people of the renaissance wanted to feel like individuals again after being controlled by the catholic church • The renaissance was the rebirth of being individualists, similar to the Greek and Romans

3. Reasons for the Renaissance • During the middle ages the catholic church ruled all of England, it was a very depressing time in that area of the world • The black plague killed many of the people in Europe • This was followed by the Renaissance • Time filled with the ability for people to think for themselves and embrace the knowledge that was known throughout the Greek and Roman Cultures • Become humanists

4. Location • The middle ages paved the way for the renaissance • Began in Italy during the early 1300’s • Spread to England, France, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain, and other countries in the late 1400’s • Ended about 1600 • Followed by the Restoration and Enlightenment period

5. Philosophies • Attempted to recapture the spirit of Greek and Roman culture in everything that they did • Art, Literature, daily life • They believed in humanism • a philosophy that usually rejects supernaturalism and stresses an individual's dignity and worth and capacity for self-realization through reason

6. Humanism • Large part of the Renaissance • Scholars and artists studied subjects that they believed would help them better understand the problem of humanity. • They believed that people should control their own life • classical antiquity • People are amazing, somewhat God–like • “What a piece of work is a man, how noble in reason, how infinite in facilities, in form and moving how express and admirable, in action how like an angel, in apprehension how like a god: the beauty of the world, the paragon of animals.” Hamlet, William Shakespeare

7. Protestant Reformation • Religious and political movement led by Martin Luther • German monk • He believed that the Roman Catholic Church was corrupt and should be reformed • Wanted to change it to become less greedy, fairer, and accessible to everyone, not just the upper class • Bible in all languages • He created the 95 Theses • On October 31st, 1517 he posted it on door of the castle church at Wittenberg • Therefore igniting the protestant religion • To view the 95 Theses click here

8. Elizabethan Era: the beginning Queen Elizabeth • Protestant, but believed people should be able to practice Catholicism without being discriminated against Queen Mary I • Catholic and believed that everyone had to be catholic • If they were protestant they would be burned alive, that’s how she earned the nickname, “Bloody Mary”

9. Elizabethan Era: the beginning • Catholicism • The church should be furnished with statues • Priest were the connection between them and God • The bible should stay in Latin and not be translated Protestantism • A church should not have to very decorative and fancy • Priest were unnecessary • People can communicate with God by themselves • The bible should be translated in different languages • Everyone should be able to understand the bible, not just the rich and well educated

10. Literature • The most important idea in literature that was written during the renaissance was the importance of a conscience and the same sense of individual personality • The concepts in the works were that history could help out in the present because history repeats itself

11. Authors of the Renaissance • William Shakespeare • John Milton • Paradise Lost • Edmond Spenser • Sheppard’s Calendar (SATIRE) • Giovanni Boccaccia • Pierre de Rosard • For more authors of the Renaissance click here

12. William Shakespeare • Began his work in comedy plays such as • Love’s Labor Lost • Midsummer Night’s Dream • Then his work turned more serious and depressing • Hamlet • Macbeth • Renowned author of the Renaissance and of our day today

13. Artist and their Accomplishments • Giotto • 1st artist to portray nature realistically • Brunelleschi • 1st renaissance architect to revived ancient roman architecture • Made arches, columns, other elements • Pazzi Chapel • Donatello • Portrayed the human body in sculptures • Graceful nude youth • Created 3 statues of David • biblical hero

14. Brunelleschi One of his most famous works, The Last Supper Giotto • Brunelleschi's dome for the Duomo of Florence, Santa Maria del Fiore

15. Artists and their Accomplishments • Michelangelo • Painter, architect, poet • Painted ceiling in the Sistine chapel in the Vatican • Biblical and classical subjects • Leonardo da Vinci • Tried to discover how the body worked • Drew human skeleton and muscles • The Last Supper, Mona Lisa

16. Michelangelo The Sistine Chapel Leonardo da Vinci The Mona Lisa

17. Inventions and Influential People • Lenses for microscopes and telescope • This helped Galileo study the heavens and come to the conclusion that the earth was not the center of the universe, but everything revolved around the sun. • Printing press • Invented by Johannes Gutenberg • Allowed every day people to have books • Before books were a very expensive because they all had to be hand written. • First book to be massed produced was the bible • Allowed music to be printed and treasured as well

18. Influential People • Christopher Columbus • Discovered • Bahamas, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Guanaja Island • Ferdinand Magellan • First man to fully circle the globe • Helped prove the earth was round • Discovered • Routes to travel all the way around the world • Opened trade routes for many countries • The westward passage (around the tip of South America)

19. Food • Meat was not served everyday • Popolograsso (upper class) • Jelly and pastries • Bread had a bigger portion of wheat • Popolominuto (middle class) • Bird of some sort, sweets and desserts with spiced wine • Lower class • Rye or barley bread

20. Music • Artists and musicians produced more their pieces with freedom and individualism • Let go of strict ways of Medieval Era • Music was preserved and printed because of the printing press • Music seemed to be smooth and secular music became common • Sacred music was used in church services • Instruments used/created • Lutes • Violin • Virginal • For an example of the music click here

21. Sports and Daily Life • Jousting • Competition between two knights on horses • Each knight tried to knock the other off his mount • Knights had three weapons • Lance • Sword • Rondel • Usually best of three • Winner received the armor of the opponent • Made fortunes off of it

22. Fashion • 15th Century • Began to follow German styles • Men’s fashions were elaborately trimmed • Decorated with lace and frills • Men wore broad hat sometimes with gems • Women wore voluminous gowns • Skirts heavily pleaded • Gowns supported underneath with wire or wire hoops • Puffy sleeves • Began wearing head dresses

23. Fashion • 1450: • clothing was influenced by medieval designs • Dresses became shorter and flow • Robes became popular • Corsets extended to cone shape below the waist • Women began showing their hair again • Wore jewels and vials • Men doublet’s shortened • Wore low neck tunics

24. The End of the Renaissance • The Renaissance was followed by the Restoration and Enlightenment period • This was a time filled with new scientific evolutions spurred by the inventions of the Renaissance • Literature was also a big part of this time period and it was able to be massed produced by the printing press of the Renaissance

25. Sarah Stout, Lexie Howell, Jen Pero 10/19/09 Honors Brit Lit Semisch