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Public attitudes towards hate speech in Bulgaria. Ivanka Ivanova Open Society Institute – Sofia . Method. public opinion survey, conducted by O SI – Sofia between 5–16 July 2013 direct structured interviews with 1,155 adult citizens
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Public attitudes towards hate speech in Bulgaria Ivanka Ivanova Open Society Institute – Sofia
Method • public opinion survey, conducted by OSI– Sofia • between 5–16 July 2013 • direct structured interviews with 1,155 adult citizens • nationally representative sample including respondents selected through cluster sampling, stratified by region and type of settlement (town/village) • in the framework of a regular (semi-annual) omnibus public opinion survey, which includes different sets of questions • a questionnaire with a set of 23 topic-specific questions.
Definition • Hate speech = public statements which express disapproval, hatred or aggression against ethnic, religious or sexual minorities • Includes disapproval and sexual minorities which are not part of the Bulgarian legal definition • Not all forms of expression, only written and spoken word
Incidence of hate speech • 45.6% of the respondents in the last 12 months have heard hate speech • 64% of them – often or very often • 32% have heard public statements which could incite violence against minorities • 12% felt grossly insulted by public statements • 4% felt personally and physically threatened by public statements (11% among Roma; 7% among ethnic Turks) • 17% heard statements which left them believe that hate crime is normal, justifiable or less condemnable than crime targeted at Bulgarians.
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