PROJECT ORINOCO Engaging the Community with Drug Litter Campaigns Debrief Presentation

1. PROJECT ORINOCO Engaging the Community with Drug Litter Campaigns Debrief Presentation 1st December 2004 Prepared for: Prepared by: Hauck, Harlequin House, 7 High Street, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 8HR Tel: 020 8614 1755 Fax: 020 8614 1710

2. Presentation Overview • Background, Objectives and Methodology • The Hotspots • Attitudes to Drug Dealers and Users • Drug Related Litter: Attitudes and Current Behaviour • How to Tackle Drug Related Litter • Communication Guidelines • Conclusions and Recommendations

3. Background, Objectives and Methodology

4. Background • ENCAMS aim to achieve litter free and sustainable environments. Drug Related Litter (DRL) has been identified as an increasing threat to this • ENCAMS aims to implement a programme that aims to reduce DRL by 50% in specific hotspot areas~ ideally creating cleaner and safer communities & leading to development of best practice guidelines • Initial stages of the programme have already been put in place~ selection of pilot areas, contact & consultation with key partners, set up and convening of steering group and agreement of action plan • ENCAMS now wishes to explore the public’s attitudes to DRL in order to create motivating messages that will engage the public and encourage them to take action • ENCAMS has identified DRL hotspot communities in Bristol and Torbay in which to research potential barriers and motivations to taking action

5. Objectives Overall To gain understanding of hotspot community attitudes to DRL and determine messages that would encourage them to take action when faced with DRL Specific Objectives: • To ascertain opinions and perceptions of drug users and dealers • To explore awareness and understanding of DRL~ extent of problem and impact within community • To understand barriers and motivations to taking action when faced with DRL~ identify most motivating messages to encourage action~ best channels and means of communication for messages and information • To seek views on how DRL should be tackled~ awareness and perceptions of potential facilities to manage DRL

6. Methodology and Sample 20 x 1hr Pre-Sensitised Friendship Pair Depths 6 x 1hr Business Depths 10 x Bristol 10 x Torbay 3 x Bristol 3 x Torbay • St. Pauls, Easton, Hartcliffe, Knowle • Torquay Central, Hele, Paignton • St. Pauls, Easton, Knowle • Torquay Central,Hele, Paignton • All living or living AND working within or nearby an identified hotspot area • ½ to community minded/involved individuals, ½ none/less community involved~ 2 people per location part of a community ‘environment’ scheme or representatives • Spread of lifestages • Mix of gender and working status • Even representation of hotspot areas per location~ postcodes of hotspot areas provided by ENCAMS • All businesses located within or close to hot spot areas • All to be the business proprietor or part of senior management • Spread of business types~ small business types e.g. corner shops, bars, guesthouses All fieldwork was carried between 15th-16th November 2004

7. Friendship Pair Lifestage Location 1 & 11 Pre-kids Bristol/ Torbay 2 & 12 Younger family Bristol/ Torbay Business Depth Type & Location of Business 3 & 13 Older family Bristol/ Torbay 1 Wine Bar, St. Pauls 4 & 14 Empty nester-working Bristol/ Torbay 2 Butchers, Easton 5 & 15 Empty nester-retired Bristol/ Torbay 3 Bookmaker, Knowle 6 & 16 Pre-kids Bristol/ Torbay 4 Guesthouse, Torquay Central 7 & 17 Younger family Bristol/ Torbay 8 & 18 Older family Bristol/ Torbay 5 Taxi Company, Hele 9 & 19 Empty nester-working Bristol/ Torbay 6 Guesthouse, Paignton 10 & 20 Empty nester-retired Bristol/ Torbay Sample Outline

8. The Hotspots

9. St. Pauls, Easton Knowle West, Hartcliffe Torquay Central Hele Paignton • Inner city • Drug pushers & users, prostitution, anti-social behaviour, DRL big problem • Out of city estates • Drug dealers & users moving into area, changing community atmosphere, DRL becoming a concern Hartcliffe potentially worse affected • Touristtown, quite affluent, popular retirement destination • Huge litter & alcohol problem, drugs less of concern, v. localised DRL • ‘Rough’ council • estate in Torquay • Drug dealers/abuse rife, gangs of youths, litter, DRL a big problem • Small tourist town • Litter main problem, drugs problem in past, DRL not big issue Hotspots Overview

10. “Amongst the worst inner city areas in the UK”- David Blunkett, Home Secretary Description Awareness of Local Initiatives • Street wardens increase safety in general • Part of wider problem of drug abuse~ mainly sex litter in bushes, alleyways DRL Awareness Easton, Bristol • Prostitution & pimping • Drug dealers and users~ associated crime, violence, guns • Dirty, run down streets~ boarded up shops, litter everywhere • Gangs of teenagers, antisocial behaviour~ boy racers, verbal abuse to pedestrians • No police on the beat~ “left to stew in out of control area” Key Local Issues

11. St.Pauls, Bristol Description • Multi-cultural inner city area close to town centre, with a strong sense of community but ‘bad’ reputation~ similar to Easton (NB viewed as having worse problems) Key Local Issues • Just want to get on with lives~ fed up with St. Paul’s attracting undesirables~ too many ‘services’- probation, homeless shelters, hostels, drug programmes • Drug dealers and users (NB users mainly outsiders who come in to get drug or get off drugs)~ associated crime, violence, guns, intimidation • Blatant prostitution & pimping • Dirty, run down streets~ derelict buildings, litter everywhere • Too much traffic~ traffic going into city centre • Police presence too OTT~ in cars, helicopters but need more on the beat Awareness of Local Initiatives • Community representatives and Street Wardens~ have made positive impact • Street cleaners do a good job~ but hard to keep on top of litter DRL Awareness • Part of wider problem of drug abuse, general litter and prostitution~ mainly beer cans, foils/cellophane and sex litter~ occasionally needles

12. Knowle West, Bristol Description • Southern suburb of Bristol, 3 miles from centre- near to Hartcliffe • Undesirables moving into the area ~ Drug dealers and users, ‘troubled families’ ~ bring associated crime and anti- social behaviour ~ give area bad reputation ~ but drug taking and dealing is not in public • Loss of Community atmosphere ~keep themselves to themselves ~ feel unsafe and scared ~ invest more in home security • Area being run down ~ shops closing down and beingboarded up, graffiti vandalism • Gangs of youths hanging around~ intimidating Key Local Issues • Street wardens and street cleaners ineffective ~ don’t doing a proper job • Lack of faith in Council and police ~ do nothing to help, so feel trapped • KWAD (Knowle West Against Drugs) ~ ineffective, just a money making scheme Awareness of Local Initiatives DRL Awareness • Starting to become a problem, but little found. Viewed as part of wider drug abuse problem ~ NB occasional needle, foils and methadone bottles

13. Hartcliffe, Bristol • Neglected estate on south side ofthe city Description • Drug dealing • Discarded needles, foils, condoms • Intimidating, rowdy teenagers~ esp. late at night • Dirty estate~ including dumped furniture Key Local Issues Awareness of Local Initiatives • Street wardens • Prevalent, noticeable problem~ in gutters, grass verges DRL Awareness

14. Hele, Torquay • Large council estate area, a mile from Torquay centre Description Key Local Issues • Drug dealing and taking~ known dealers~ huge stash of drugs and an addict recently found dead by kids • Gangs of youths out at all hours~ drinking, making noise~ as young as 8-9yrs old • Fly tipping~ cars, beds, anything goes • Not enough bins for dog mess Awareness of Local Initiatives • Bike park at top of hill~ footpath to it is dealer/user hotpsot • Community wardens DRL Awareness • Problem esp. in areas where kids frequent e.g. playgrounds, bike park

15. Torquay Central and Sea Front Description • “Queen of the English Riviera” • Litter in the streets~ due to hills, gulls, poor refuse collection • Influx of northern “immigrants” on benefit who don’t care about area~ from Liverpool & Scotland • Drunken behaviour, vandalism & graffitti~ locals~ but made worse by visiting stag & hen nights • Drug users~ esp. around Factory Row & sea front • Speeding and traffic jams Key Local Issues • Some awareness of Pretty Park changes~ cut back of bushes, improved lighting Awareness of Local Initiatives • Some needles in parks, public toilets, esp. sea front~ restricted to certain areas DRL Awareness

16. Paignton, Torbay Description • Tourist resort, smaller, quieter version of Torquay ~ tourists=mostly older couples and families Key Local Issues • Huge litter problem • Too much traffic~ on main thoroughfare~ pollution~ kids can’t play safely in the street • Dog litter~ careless owners, dangerous for kids • Gangs of youths~ anti-social behaviour • NB drug taking not viewed as current problem~ more in Torquay~ hotelier moved to get away from drug problem Awareness of Local Initiatives • General satisfaction with the council and police ~ respond well when called, doing best to clear litter DRL Awareness • Not viewed as a current problem ~ was a problem 3 years ago but better nowadays

17. How do the residents feel in these areas? I Scared Angry Worried Distrustful • At the cause e.g. drunken youths, drug dealers & users • At authorities~ turning a blind eye~ for not doing enough • Unsafe to go out at night~ fear of muggings, verbal abuse~ esp. elderly, children • Local council/police~ fail to keep promises • About the future of their kids “It boils down to the council. You have to keep reporting it and most of them, don’t live in the area, they live in the suburbs so they’re not really concerned about inner city” Bristol The strength of feeling is greatest in Bristol and Hele, less so in other Torbay areas

18. How do the residents feel in these areas? II Frustrated Anxious Neglected • Don’t want to have to deal with impact drugs create on their lives~ should be able to get on with their lives as normal • Little being done to help~ even if report concerns, not taken seriously • At tourists/ visitors seeing the problems • By police and authorities~ left to cope on their own “We can’t be the only people in Knowle who are just fed up with it all” Bristol The strength of feeling is greatest in Bristol and Hele, less so in other Torbay areas

19. Attitudes to Drug Dealers and Users

20. What they Think of Drug Dealers The root of the problem • Encourage anti-social behaviour in area ~ noise, violence, gangs hanging around • Attract undesirables into the area ~ drug users • Gives area bad reputation • Destroy community feeling ~ residents keep themselves to themselves • Make community feel unsafe ~ fear going out at night ~ fear repercussions if inform authorities ~ No go areas • Threat to society ~ exploit vulnerable people i.e. users ~ immoral individuals “It’s the whole inconvenience and everything it causes, it just disrupts your life completely” Bristol • Increase crime in area ~ by attracting users Anger and frustration is mainly targeted at dealers. Residents and businesses strongly feel the authorities should do more to tackle them

21. SUPERFICIAL LEVEL Messy and dirty Unpredictable ~ unsure how act when high ‘Drug litter themselves’ “Just angry at the addicts- ‘cos why do they have to bring their problem to the doorstep of everyone else” Bristol Selfish ~ only care about their next hit Parasites/pests Irresponsible CONSIDERED LEVEL Element of Sympathy~ empathise with the causes of addiction Appreciate that need help but unsure of best solutions~ an enormous task “We should be looking to get em off it, as far as I’m concerned” Torbay What they think of drug users Superficial responses stem from strong feelings about how users negatively impact on their lives. However, many also express a more sympathetic view and recognise that users need for help

22. What should be done to deal with the drug problem? I Stop the Dealers, Users and Protect the Public • ‘Zero tolerance’ on drug usage and dealing (e.g American Style) ~ e.g. on the spot fines/confiscation for drug taking ~ arrest the dealers - “the authorities know who and where they are!” Greater protection from associated crime and anti-social behaviour ~ more proactive than reactive ~ consistent police presence - on foot or with dogs ~ on street security, ‘Heavies’ on the street corners Deterrents~ shut down/ demolish places where users congregate~ more CCTV, greater police presence Consumers want a harsher crackdown on dealers and greater proactive protection from the ‘authorities’

23. What should be done to deal with the drug problem? II • Focus on tackling the addiction ~ help to get off drugs, not lock away ~ rehabilitation, counselling, programmes- e.g. St. Paul’s drug programme ~ employ ex-drug users to help them Help the Users “They do need help, cos they start doing it for a reason, some of them are just bored” Torbay Majority believe drug users need help to tackle their addiction, but are sceptical about the effectiveness of drug rehabilitation programmes

24. DRL: Attitudes and Current Behaviour

25. What is Drug Related Litter? LEAST ASSOCIATED MOST ASSOCIATED • Urine, faeces, vomit • Cellophane • Used Syringes • Condoms • Spoons • Beer cans/ plastic bottles with holes • Foils • Discarded clothes, mattresses • Methadone bottles Most frequently found but not seen as DRL or perceived as a threat Familiar to all NB syringes less frequently discovered but most feared ~ HIV risk “It’s all the shit addicts leave about us when they’ve finished what they’re doing” Bristol The majority need education on what drug litter actually is. The DRL most commonly found is often confused as general litter, except by the most knowledgeable

26. Where is DRL found? • On the street ~ on own, or with general rubbish • Parks, playing fields, play grounds ~ bushes • Alleys, crevices ~ back of homes, back of shops, side alleys • Around schools • Car parks • Own Front or back garden, back yard, doorstep • Wasteland • Toilets (public, in business) • Hotel rooms (NB Torquay) DRL is widespread but not always found in the most ‘main street’ areas. The greatest concern being that it is most commonly discovered in areas where kids play and hangout

27. BUT other issues are considered a bigger problem: • Drug dealers and users~ cause fear, crime, violence~ without dealers/ users, there would be no DRL! - esp. in Hele, Easton, Hartcliffe, St.Paul’s • General litter~ dirty streets and parks~ DRL is only a part of a wider problem - esp. Torquay Central Attitudes to DRL Selfish Disgusting Hatred Filthy Despicable Dangerous Despite not being the key issue in some areas, DRL is reviled by all and is an unpleasant reminder of the bigger issues in their communities

28. Kids Other Vulnerable People • Stick injury to other members of society~ even animals/ pets! • Growing up in environment where DRL is the norm~ need to protect future generation~ must be given chance of positive start in life • Stick injury~ by accident, through curiosity NB Adults less concerned about themselves~ “I know better” INFECTION!~ HIV, hepatitis,other diseases Business NB Kids more exposed to DRL than adults~DRL typically found where kids play i.e. playgrounds, woodlands, grass areas etc • Fear may drive customers away, loss of income~ esp.Torbay What are people’s concerns about DRL? The key concern with DRL is that kids will accidentally prick themselves with infected sharps

29. X Why would people take action against DRL? Make area feel cleaner and safer~ more appealing place to live for family & community? Protect those closest to you~ family esp. kids, grandkids - young & older family & empty nesters Protect weak, more vulnerable people~ responsibility to others in society “Well I am worried that the little ones are going to pick it up and they are going to stab themselves with it and obviously you don’t know what damage it's going to cause for them” Bristol Protect Livelihood~ avoid putting off customers/ tourists from using your shop/ services When it’s on your doorstep~ literally Reality Theory In reality the most motivating reason to take action is to protect the people who are dearest to you

30. Individual anecdotes from the community minded recruited people Guesthouse owner calls council to remove from her premises Nurse removes collection of needles from derelict garage & disposes of them at hospital Taxi driver carries dentist gloves in car in case need to remove DRL How do people currently deal with DRL? • Vast majority presently do nothing~ unless personally affects them e.g. in front garden~ unless in very dangerous place e.g. kids’ playground However: Most people do nothing about the DRL that they see from day to day

31. No confidence/belief in authorities and services to take action~ negative previous experiences~ expectation that nothing would be done even if did report DRL APATHY What’s currently stopping people from taking action against DRL? • Unaware of what action they can take~ no knowledge of services available, who and what number to contact etc • Some desensitisation/ habituation to the problem~ partial acceptance of the problem, don’t always notice that it’s there - esp. sex related litter • Don’t care about community/ area where they live~ fragmented society “People are very lacksadaisical - they will say ‘Have you seen that mess out of the back? Then they go in, shut the door and turn on Coronation Street - they don’t bother” Torbay • Some fear of reprisal~ from dealers/ users - brick through window etc~ esp. amongst post-nesters FEAR A mistrust of authorities plus lack of awareness of services to tackle DRL are prime contributors to the prevailing apathy

32. How to Tackle to Drug Related Litter

33. What’s Currently Being Done to Tackle DRL? Effectiveness Actions • Works if have a proactive warden (e.g. St. Paul’s) ~ but little confidence in most wardens to deliver • Has made a difference in Torbay ~ feel problem has been solved, areas feel safer ~ but little impact in Bristol A reassuring service to have ~ free phone ~ not used yet, but would report for needles ~ but unsure of effectiveness ~ run by health service? • A good idea but waste of time in reality ~ no action taken from experience • Street Wardens (NB St.Paul’s) ~ clean up rounds in the morning Remedial actions ~ clearance of parks, pull down shelters (i.e. Easton, Torquay) ~ increased lighting, cut back bushes (Bristol & Torquay) ~ UV in toilets (Torbay) Drug and sex litter hotline (NB Bristol) ~ NB limited awareness ~ got the card- not sure where from ~ some recall of van Anti-Social Behaviour reporting hotline number, for drugs (NB Knowle West) Overall low awareness of current initiatives to tackle DRL. An effective solution is yet to be delivered

34. Optimisation • Visible but discrete. esp. in tourist areas ~ no fluorescent jackets to draw attention or remind of problem • Consistent and long term ~ not a short term quick fix • At least once a day to have impact • Sufficiently resourced to work ~ e.g. not just 2 people in a van! “I think litter patrols are good if people can clearly see what they’re doing and we’re telling people so” Bristol Maximising the Most Motivating Initiatives Regular Drug Litter Patrols Public Opinion • Potentially most effective with minimum public effort ~ visible impact immediately esp. worst areas e.g. St.Paul’s, Hele Proactive not reactive BUT • Lack of confidence in authorities to provide adequate service ~ may neglect non hotspot areas ~ sceptical over sufficient funding or resources provided

35. Maximising the Most Motivating Initiatives Free phone DRL Hotline and Dedicated Rapid Response Team Public Opinion Optimisation • Confidential and free collection ~ minimum to encourage use • Number= memorable and looks free phone ~ not like a council number • Cleared ASAP ~ realistically 1 hour/ same day • Direct line with human contact ~ no routing or automation • Proof it’s been cleared ~ visibility of clean up team ~ will repeat call-been worth it • NB Need clarity on what should report and how • it will work ~ NB only really report needles (the most threatening) • Often mentioned spontaneously! • Empowers them to deal with DRL ~ most currently unsure what to do/who to call if see a needle Response = feel doing bit to protect family and community with minimum effort BUT • How rapid and ‘dedicated’? ~ how would it work? ~ sceptical, assume run by council or police (NB little faith, some negative past experiences) Reactive and relies on good nature of public to call in

36. Maximising the Most Motivating Initiatives Educational Leaflets “What to do if you find a needle” Public Opinion Optimisation • A must have, need to know! • Feel more in control and less panicked when discover/pricked by a needle ~ confident what to do ~ aware of all the facts • Key for everyone esp. kids, families • Simple and direct ~ not too much detail or information otherwise won’t read • Kid friendly- important kids read, as most affected by it ~ bright, colourful ~ as part of drug education at school • Obvious subject matter ~ about drug litter (unlike Nottingham poster) “Everyone needs education. I didn’t know half these things before I just read them and especially kids“ Torbay

37. Maximising the Most Motivating Initiatives • Any initiative must work hard to provide confidence and gain the public’s trust in order to overcome the current mistrust and scepticism of “authority” run schemes • This can be achieved by clearly delivering against any actions outlined in the initiatives taken forward • However parameters must also be set to manage expectations on what type of DRL will be cleared

38. Most Relevant Initiatives Aimed at Drug Users Personal Sharps bins Needle exchange • Drug users could carry it around with them Also have at home • Must have for businesses as well ~ to protect their clients BUT • But doubt users would be willing enough to carry them with them ~ draws attention they are a user NB Public would never use! ~ wouldn’t have at home just in case • Potentially most effective service aimed at drug users • Free clean needles ~ big incentive for users -win win! ~ save money, protect health • Encourages users to take responsibility • BUT • Too liberal for some ~ accepting drug use Bring more users into area • Unsure users would take needles in “But they’re not going to are they, once they’re drugged up, once they’ve used that needle, they’re not going to think, oh I’ve got to put that in may pocket and exchange it for later” Bristol Encourages users to be responsible and could solve DRL on street but public doubt responsibility of users to make use of the service- lack lucidity when high

39. Least Relevant Aimed at Drug Users Public Sharps Bins Safer Injecting Room • Better than having needles hanging around BUT • Believe users not responsible enough to use them Flags up problem in area ~ NB off putting in Tourist areas ~ feel dirty, lowers tone Concerned kids will play with them ~ poke fingers in holes Could be vandalised ~ e.g. raided by drug users to get needles (NB Stokescroft) • Gets users off the streets • Controls the problem ~ if decriminalised and run by authorities Could also give users advice and help to beat their addiction BUT • Too liberal for most ~ accepting usage • Relies on good nature of users Bring more users into the area “Why encourage them to come into St..Pauls to take even more hard drugs?!” Bristol Ultimately the public do not want services that seem to condone drug usage or bring more users into their neighbourhoods. They also doubt the lucidity of users to responsibly dispose if their needles

40. Realistic Ideal Preventative Proactive NOT Reactive Quick Removal of DRL Drug users take more responsibility e.g. needle exchanges Regular DRL clear up teams ~ education Hotline to report DRL and dedicated clear up team Ultimately tackle the dealers Ensures constant ‘safe’ environment Reactive but should clear problem quickly ~ will ultimately benefit community, if reported Ideal Way to Combat DRL The public acknowledge that although it may not solve the problem, any DRL initiative will have a benefit on their environment

41. Communication Guidelines

42. What do the public want to see? I • The public acknowledge that people take no notice of ‘soft’ messages • Belief that shock tactics will affect apathy • Therefore want to see hard hitting campaign ~ e.g. anti-smoking campaigns, anti-speeding campaigns etc “Shock tactics work. if you just pussyfoot around this problem it’ll be a waste of time” Torquay Central

43. What do the public want to see? II Aim: To grab people’s attention and shock them out of currentstate of apathy/ inaction Requirements: Direct, bold, hard hitting, shocking The public believe the following will shock: • Use kids as main vehicle~ main concerns of DRL ~ playing on fears & emotions • Depict serious but credible threat to their kids’ safety~ e.g. needle in playground etc Such messages/imagery raises awareness of DRL issues although there is likely to be sensitivity towards using such associations

44. Protect Family & Those Close To You Safety Rapid Response to Calls Community Non-Specific Others Getting Hurt Cleanliness Anonymity Solving Problem of DRL What do the public want to hear? Most Motivating Least Motivating Messages must be simple, credible and tap into the emotional and perceived threats that DRL presents to individuals

45. ! Take Care Not To ! • Reference broader litter problem e.g. ‘make your community cleaner’ ~ general litter is a major problem which should not be confused with DRL messages • Imply reporting people to, helping authorities e.g.‘Report it’, ‘help us’~ lack of trust/respect for authorities • Refer to non-specific others getting hurt e.g. ‘Ignore it and you’ll put someone else at risk’~ depersonalises message, takes away emotionality~ too much of guilt trip • Make overclaims e.g. ‘Report it, to stop it’ ~by removing DRL the bigger problem is still not solved!” • Overtly mention anonymity e.g. ‘Anonymity assured’~ raises suspicion by bringing to forefront of mind • Patronisee.g. ‘do your bit’~ sounds good-goody What should messages say? 4 Do Talk About 4 • Protecting your family, yourself, those close to you ~ including friends~ people you really care about - personalises the danger, further play on emotion~ implication of disease and infection • Safetye.g. ‘make streets safer’ • Calls being responded toasape.g. ‘responded to as quickly as possible’~ helps to build credibility that something will be done if one takes the time to act “They need to say that it could happen at your home, to one of your kids” Bristol

46. How motivating is it to talk about the community? • Lack of community feeling, “them” and “us” in some areas~ racial division e.g. “the “Somalians”, “the young black mums”, “the Asians”~ “the druggies”~ the “others” who let their kids out on the streets and do what they want • Strong appeal to community minded individuals~ minority of people~ more prevalent in less serious drug areas • Some people will respond to messages about helping the community whereas everyone responds to messages about self and/or family~ communication must cast as wide a net as possible~ eventually the action of individuals benefit the community “People all say they like to think about the community but first and foremost your family comes first, so if you have got anybody out there who has got kids or anything, you should say PROTECT YOUR FAMILY” Torbay Overt communication of benefiting the community may fail to motivate or simply alienate the public. A more subliminal, secondary tone could be used via imagery to imply the benefit to the community i.e. communal playground

47. Identifiable association between local authority and Encams (a non-authority)~ specific to local area~ not just another council campaign CORE INFORMATION • Simple, clear message~ e.g. “Protect your family, call the drug litter hotline”~ don’t need time to decipher it • Short explanation of what to do/ who to call~ NB people currently unaware of service • Clear, bold, memorable freephone telephone no.~ minimal barriers to calling number • Card to take away~ put in wallet, stick on fridge Secondary Information • What to do if find/ injured by needle~ useful info but not essential, may distract away from main message - hence at bottom of page and/or on card How do consumers expect it to be? XXX XXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX Call: 0800 44 44 44 Drug Litter Hotline 0800 111 111 • What to do if….. • ………. • ……… • What to do if….. • ………. • ………

48. Local Businesses Schools Playgrounds & Public Spaces E.g. pub, newsagents, convenience store, supermarkets~ where people actually go!~ shows support from local businessesNB Not just libraries, GP’s surgeries & community centres Kids come into contact most with DRL, plus are more vulnerable~ need education & heightened awareness The precise locations where DRL commonly found! Local Paper Door Drops TV/ Radio/ Cinema? Tourist Areas? Key locations~ i.e. Stapleton Rd in Easton Widely read in locality~ hits specific, local target - i.e. Torquay Herald Express, Metro in Bristol Local news bulletins, local advertsNB Default response Show tourists action is being taken vs.Putting tourists off Maximising Exposure to a DRL Campaign Running a consistent campaign,using a variety of media would ensure a clear, powerful message is conveyed with maximum exposure

49. Conclusions and Recommendations

50. Conclusions Drugs and drug litter • Drug Litter is seen as a symptom of a much more serious drug problem • Drug dealers and users are seen as the cause of this problem. Dealers are the ‘root’cause and although users are not tolerated, the general consensus is that more should be done to help them • The public desire greater protection and support from the consequences of drug abuse but actually lack faithin the ‘authorities’ (police, council etc) to act against it • Therefore any public initiative that aims to encourage public intervention must work hard to gain the public’s trust in order to encourage their co-operation • The public need education about drug litter, what it is or what to do if they find or are pricked by a needle • Usedsyringes are most commonly associated with DRL and considered the most dangerous, but not the most frequently found