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Recovery and Reintroduction of the California Condor: A Conservation Success Story

The California Condor, North America's largest flying bird, faced extinction in the 1980s. With a wingspan nearing 10 feet and a weight of 18-31 lbs, these long-lived scavengers thrive on carcasses of large mammals. After a captive breeding program initiated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the first successful reintroductions began in 1992. Today, the condor population exceeds 369, with 192 in the wild. Ongoing efforts address threats like habitat loss and lead poisoning, ensuring a hopeful future for this majestic bird.

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Recovery and Reintroduction of the California Condor: A Conservation Success Story

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  1. California Condors Reintroduction http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/california-condor/ By: Kaitlyn Kunce

  2. California Condor Gymnogypscalifornianus -Largest flying bird in North America -Wing Span: Nearly 10ft tip to tip -Use air currents to soar -Weight: 18-31 lbs Opportunistic scavengers: feast on carcasses of large mammals http://www.bigsurcalifornia.org/condors.html

  3. -Long-lived species -Breeding age is between 6-8 years old -Mate for life -Female only lays one egg every two years -Egg is about 5 inches long, and 10 ounces -56 days of incubation -Young fledge at 5-6 months of age -Cavity-nesting birds: do not build nests http://www.ventanaws.org/species_condors/ California Condor egg in nest cave. Photo by Brandt

  4. -Mostly black feathers -Heads and neck are mostly bare -Their necks and heads turn pink when they’re excited -Also can be shades of red, orange, yellow, and light blue California Condors adult -photo by Joe Burnett

  5. 1967: Placed on the Federal Endangered Species Act 1980: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service began a captive breeding program with the Los Angeles Zoo, and the San Diego Wild Animal Park 1982: 21-23 birds in California 1987: Decision was made to bring all the remaining condors into captivity 1992: January, began releasing condors into the wild in California 1996: December, began releasing condors into the wild in Arizona Since then, program personnel soft-released roughly 6-10 birds per year. 2011: Total Population 369 with 192 in the wild and 177 in captivity

  6. California Condor lead poisoning. Photo by Noel Snyder -Loss of habitat -Power lines -Shootings -Lead poisoning Ingest lead from spent ammunition found in animal carcasses and gut piles.

  7. The Recovery Goals of the California Condor Program: -Maintenance of at least 2 wild population -Maintenance of at one captive population -Each population must =contain 150 individuals and 15 breeding pairs =be reproductively self sustaining =have a positive population growth rate -Wild populations must =be separated and non-interacting =contain descendants from each of the 14 founders Future Status of the Arizona Program: 1. Continue daily monitoring of condors. 2. Addition of more satellite and GPS transmitters. 3. Expansion of the 10(j) area. 4. Establish a medical treatment facility near the release site. 5. Continued education programs on condor reintroduction.

  8. http://www.ventanaws.org/species_condors/adopt_a_condor.htm

  9. References: National Geographic. 1996-2012. California Condors. Retrieved from http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/ california-condor/ National Parks Conservation Association. California Condor. Retrieved from http://www.npca.org/protecting-our- parks/wildlife_facts/condor.html Sullivan, Kathy. 2009. California Condor Recovery. Retrieved from http://www.azgfd.gov/w_c/california_con dor.shtml Ventana Wildlife Society. 2009. California Condor Reintroduction. Retrieved from http://www.ventanaws.org/species_condors/

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