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Agriculture in India

Agriculture in India. Kamal Singh Lecturer in Economics GCCBA 42 , chandigarh. Importance of Agriculture. Source of Livelihood Contribution to National Income: 14.2 % in 2010-11 Source of Food Supply Role of agriculture for Industrial development Source of Government revenue.

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Agriculture in India

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  1. Agriculture in India Kamal Singh Lecturer in Economics GCCBA 42 , chandigarh

  2. Importance of Agriculture • Source of Livelihood • Contribution to National Income: 14.2 % in 2010-11 • Source of Food Supply • Role of agriculture for Industrial development • Source of Government revenue

  3. Provision of Capital • Provision of labour • Expanded market for other sectors • Development of International trade: Agriculture export are 10 % of total exports

  4. Feature of Indian Agriculture • Feudal Character • Dualism in Labour market • Rural indebtedness • Orthodox Farming Techniques • Predominance of Small farmers

  5. Vast Unemployment • Large Inequalities

  6. Agricultural productivity Agricultural productivity is measured as the ratio of agricultural outputs to agricultural Inputs

  7. Sources of agricultural productivity • Mechanization • High yield varieties • Fertilizers • Irrigation • Herbicides • Pesticides • Increased plant density

  8. Importance of Agricultural Productivity • More Food • Growth of Area/ region • Agricultural Competitiveness • Efficient Distribution of Scarce Resources • Alleviation of Poverty • Lower Food Prices and Stable supply of Food

  9. Agriculture Productivity

  10. Causes of Low Productivity

  11. General Factors • Over Crowding • Socio economic • Natural Factor • Lack of Adequate Finance • Lack of Productive Investment • Inadequate Marketing System

  12. INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS • Small Size of Holding • Defective pattern of Land tenure

  13. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS • Traditional factors of Production • Lack of HVY of seed • Scanty use of Fertilizer • Inadequate Irrigation facility • Lack of agriculture research

  14. SOLUTION • Increase area under irrigation • More use of fertilizer • More HVY Seeds • Plant protection • Scientific Cultivation • Mechanisation

  15. Improvement in Animal Husbandry • Land Reforms • Bio tech Crops • Education and empowerment of farmers

  16. The farmers should be provided with a stable price for their agricultural products at a remunerative level. • There should be an expansion of adequate marketing facilities to sell the agricultural product. • The land tenure system should be changed in favour of the cultivator. • There should be a provision of cheap credit on reasonable terms especially to small farmers for better techniques of production. • The modern inputs like fertilisers. Pesticides and improved seeds should be made available to the farmers at reasonable prices. • There should be provisions of education, research and extension of agro-economic services to spread the knowledge of improved methods of farming. • The State should make provision for the development of resources which are not possible in the part of individual farmers e.g. large scale irrigation, land reclamation or resettlement projects. • There should be an extension of land used and intensification and utilisation of land already in use through improved and scientific implements.

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