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Geographical Indications

Geographical Indications.

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Geographical Indications

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  1. Geographical Indications

  2. Geographical indications (GIs) are signs (most usually proper names) which identify a good as originating in the territory of a particular country, or a region or locality in that country, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin. It is a separate type of intellectual property.

  3. GIs protect consumers from • Misinformation • Unfair competition

  4. GIs concern the law of the names of what we eat and drink

  5. Labour and Desert Firstness Moral rights of the Community Incentives to Innovate Preventing Confusion Justifications for GIs

  6. European types • Based on terroir (land, milieu) • Appelations d’origine controlees • Examples: champagne, port, bourbon, feta cheese

  7. US types • Certification Marks mostly • Examples: Idaho potatoes, Washington apples, Walla Walla onions, Napa Valley wines, Marin & Sonoma County cheese, Iowa-80 beef

  8. Generic terms • English muffins • Camembert • Swiss cheese

  9. EU’s Claw Back List • Mozzarella • Parmigiano • Roquefort • Champagne • Chianti • Chablis • Parma ham • All translations of these

  10. Vidalia Onion • Trademark owned by Georgia Dept. of Agriculture

  11. The Walla Walla Sweet is an open-pollinated variety that is usually slow to develop, and generally has foliage that is sparse and competes poorly with weeds. There are two growing seasons for the Walla Walla Sweets. Most are planted in the fall around mid- September and are harvested in mid-June through early August. The other season is in late March, or early April when the onions are seeded and harvested at the end of July. Walla Walla Sweets are hand harvested when about 75 percent of the tops have fallen over. They have to be handled carefully to prevent bruising, cutting or splitting. The Walla Walla Sweet seed originated in Italy and was established in the Walla Walla Valley in the late 1800’s. It has developed over the generations through hand selection that has ensured it s sweetness, jumbo size and round shape. This sweetness is due to its high water content around 90 percent and its low sulfur content. Walla Walla Sweet onions are grown in Walla Walla County in southeastern Washington and in a part of Umatilla county in Northeastern Oregon. In 1995 the Walla Walla onion growers petitioned the USDA to make this onion its own variety. The USDA Marketing Order #956 established the Walla Walla Valley as a federally protected growing area. Any sweet onion grown outside of this area cannot be marketed as a Walla Walla Sweet Onion. Nonstorage onions generally will keep one to two months and are intended exclusively for fresh markets. In 2007, the Walla Walla Sweet onion became Washington State’s vegetable.

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