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The Roman Empire: Sculpture

The Roman Empire: Sculpture.

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The Roman Empire: Sculpture

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  1. The Roman Empire: Sculpture

  2. Verism was often used by the Romans in marble sculptures of heads. Verism, often described as "warts and all", shows the imperfections of the subject, such as warts, wrinkles and furrows. Although the marble heads themselves came from the Greeks, this style is extremely different from Greek head sculptures because the Greeks would idealize the subject, and liken the subject to a god. Sculpture and Republican Verism

  3. Head of an old man, from Osimo, mid-first century BCE. Marble, life-size. Palazzo del Municipio, Osimo.

  4. Explore Pompeii for its information about Roman art and architecture. Understand the role of the Colosseum and amphitheater in Roman life. Understand the concepts, methods and materials of Roman house construction and why it is significant. Examine the types, methods, and subject matter of Roman wall painting. Understand the development of Roman art and architecture as the empire expands and develops. The Early Empire (27 B.C. – 98 C.E.)

  5. The “Pax Romana” was the long period of relative peace and minimal expansion by military force experienced by the Roman Empire in the first and second centuries C.E. Pax Romana and Augustus

  6. Augustus of Primaporta, Italy, early-first-century CE copy of a bronze original of ca. 20 BCE. Marble, 6’ 8” high. Musei Vaticani, Rome.

  7. Ara Pacis* (Altar of Augustan Peace looking northeast), Rome, Italy, 13–9 BCE.

  8. It sought to portray the peace and fertile prosperity enjoyed as a result of the Pax Romana brought about by the military supremacy of the Roman empire, and a visual reminder of the Julio-Claudian dynasty that was bringing it about. Emperor and family are show offering sacrifices Recognizable portraits of individual Romans Ox skulls=sacrificial offerings Garlands=continuous peace

  9. Imperial Procession*, detail of the south frieze of the Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, Italy, 13–9 BCE. Marble, 5’ 3” high.

  10. People shown are successors/family members of Augustus Children are shown—new to Augustan period and reflects his desire to promote private family life and his potential heirs

  11. Allegory of Peace *, from the Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, Italy, 13–9 BCE. Marble, 5’ 3” high.

  12. Goddess Pax—known as Tellus Mater or Mother Earth nurtures the Roman people (those are the two babies in her arms) Two people with her are Wind (land) and Wind (sea) Flowers, foliage, and animals= peaceful abundant earth Allegory of Peace

  13. Young Flavian woman*, from Rome, Italy, ca. 90 CE. Marble, 2’ 1” high. Museo Capitolino, Rome.

  14. Shows the “new” Roman court hair style of the day in ringlets Chiseled and drilled into the marble From a distance, very lifelike Her face seems “retouched”

  15. Late Roman Sculpture High Empire ( 96 – 192 CE)

  16. Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius*, from Rome, Italy, ca. 175 CE. Bronze, 11’ 6” high. Musei Capitolini, Rome.

  17. Late Empire (192-337 C.E.)

  18. Understand how power, order and lost individuality are expressed in the art of the Late Empire. Changes in the Late Empire

  19. The Four Tetrarchs*, from Constantinople, ca. 305 CE. Porphyry (purple stone from Egypt reserved for imperial use), 4’ 3” high. Saint Mark’s, Venice.

  20. Tetrarchy= “rule of 4”—imposed by Emperor Diocletian in 293 C.E. to rule four corners of Roman Empire “Portrait of Tetrarchs” shows abstraction and symbolic representation They look nearly identical (two have beards-two are clean-shaven) Peace through concerted strength Possibly made in Egypt and moved to Constantinople

  21. Constantine the Great*, from the Basilica Nova, Rome, Italy, ca. 315–330 CE. Marble, 8’ 6” high. Musei Capitolini, Rome.

  22. What are some of the unique elements of Roman art and architecture that distinguish it from Greek and other art of the same time period? • In what ways does Roman art and architecture incorporate the arts of conquered peoples from England to Egypt? • What does the presence of veristic portrait art of the Romans say about Roman culture? • Why does the art under Constantine begin to move away from the verism of the High Empire? Discussion Questions

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