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This document discusses the essential requirements for nonobviousness in patent law as outlined in 35 U.S.C. § 103. It explains how an invention may be deemed nonobvious if the differences from prior art would not be obvious to someone skilled in the relevant field at the time of invention. Key factors include the scope of prior art, differences between the inventions, the level of ordinary skill in the art, and secondary considerations like commercial success and long-felt needs. This analysis informs patentability and helps navigate complex patent applications.
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Intellectual Property Boston College Law School February 26, 2007 Patent - Nonobviousness
Requirements • (1) Patentable Subject Matter • (2) Novelty • (3) Utility • (4) Nonobviousness • (5) Enablement
Nonobviousness • 35 U.S.C. § 103. Conditions for patentability; non-obvious subject matter. • “A patent may not be obtained though the invention is not identically disclosed or described as set forth in section 102 … if the differences between the subject matter sought to be patented and the prior art are such that the subject matter as a whole would have beenobvious at the time the invention was made to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which said subject matter pertains …”
Nonobviousness • Factors in the analysis • (1) Scope and content of prior art • (2) Differences between invention and prior art • (3) Level of ordinary skill in the art • (4) “Secondary considerations” • Commercial success • Long-felt but unsolved needs • Failure of others to invent • Copying by others
Nonobviousness • Secondary considerations • Commercial success • Long-felt but unsolved needs • Failure of others to invent • Copying by others
Problem 3-10 • Claimed invention • Lollipop in shape of human thumb • Wrapped in a mold that can be worn • Contains gum inside lollipop • Prior art references • Siciliano: ice cream wrapped in a removable mold • Copeman: lollipops in various molds usable as balloons • Harris: hollow, thumb-shaped lollipop • Webster: chewing gum enclosing liquid syrup
Administrative • Next Assignment • Through IV.C.3 – Doctrine of Equivalents