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Understanding Cellular Respiration: Energy Release from Glucose

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  1. Cellular RespirationCHAPTER 9

  2. Houses epiglottis

  3. How do our bodies burn glucose for energy?

  4. One gram of glucose when burned in the presence of oxygen releases 3811 calories of heat energy.

  5. calorie • Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius.

  6. Calorie • Calorie = 1000 calories • = 1 kilocalorie Calories on food labels are actually kilocalories

  7. How does the amount of energy released in glycolysis compare to burning one gram of glucose? • Small amount (around 3.5% the amount from burning) • So….. 3811 X 3.5% = • 133.4 calories

  8. Cellular Respiration • 1. Glycolysis • 2. Krebs cycle • 3. ETC and chemiosmosis

  9. Cellular Respiration • C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ~38 ATP • Glucose+ oxygen --> carbon+ water +energy • dioxide In the mitochondrion

  10. Glycolysis Animation: How Glycolysis Works glucose Starts with 2 ATP Pyruvic acid Makes 4 ATP Nets: 2 ATP

  11. NAD+ • An electron carrier • Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide • Accepts electrons (H+) to form NADH e- e-

  12. NAD+ NADHe- carrier

  13. Glycolysis is Anaerobic • Without oxygen oxygen

  14. How does NADH regenerate back to NAD+? • The process of fermentation. • It loses the electrons of NADH to form NAD+ again. • Remember the yeast lab?

  15. Sing or Simulate • Glucose, Glucose SONG • See Teacher Tube

  16. END OF GLYCOLYSIS • How much of the energy in glucose is still unused? • 90% Doesn’t seem very efficient, does it?

  17. Fermentation Anaerobic – no oxygen In cytoplasm Krebs Cycle Aerobic –needs oxygen In mitochondria Now What, Pyruvic Acid?

  18. Fermentation cheese sauerkraut bread wine

  19. Alcoholic Fermentation • Pyruvic acid + NADH alcohol + CO2 + NAD+

  20. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Pyruvic acid + NADH lactic acid + NAD+

  21. ANAEROBIC Does not use oxygen In the cytoplasm EX: Glycolysis Fermentation AEROBIC Uses oxygen In the mitochondrion EX: Krebs cycle ETC and chemiosmosis CONTRAST

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