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Evolution of Partisan Dynamics in Midwestern States: Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois

This overview delves into the changing political landscapes of key Midwestern states, focusing on Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois throughout the 20th century. With Pennsylvania transitioning from Republican dominance to a competitive two-party state post-New Deal, and Ohio being designated a "swing state" by both major parties, we explore the regional dynamics and how local politics, ethnic diversity, and economic interests shape voter preferences. Indiana remains competitive despite a strong Republican reputation, while Illinois has shifted from Republican strongholds to Democratic leadership, especially within diverse urban centers like Chicago.

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Evolution of Partisan Dynamics in Midwestern States: Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois

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  1. Midwestern States

  2. Pennsylvania • In the 20th century 1-party Republican 2-party competitive. • End of Republican dominance-1934. • New Deal. • By 1950 competitive 2-party state. • Philadelphia/Pittsburgh stayed Republican longer than most NE cities.

  3. Pennsylvania

  4. Pennsylvania

  5. Pennsylvania

  6. Pennsylvania

  7. Ohio • “The Heart of It All” • Republicans  very strong on state level (farmers and business communities) • Democrats  considerable power on the local level (city machines) • Both DNC and RNC designate OH as “swing state”

  8. Ohio

  9. Ohio

  10. Ohio

  11. Ohio

  12. Indiana • Strong Republican reputation BUT the Democrats have kept IN competitive • Fits Elazar’s “individualistic” model well • Major battles within both GOP and Democrats GOP – religious R v. moderate business sector Democrats – industrial v. conservative south

  13. Indiana

  14. Indiana

  15. Indiana

  16. Indiana

  17. Illinois • Alternating one-party  two-party competitive • Lincoln – Illinois Republicans • Chicago  transformed from Republican to Democratic Much bigger and more ethnically, racially diverse than rest of state (up to 42% of state population) • State party offices in Chicago/Springfield

  18. Illinois

  19. Illinois

  20. Illinois

  21. Illinois

  22. Explaining Partisan Trends and Changes

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