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The New Mass Culture

The New Mass Culture. Objectives… Summarize how movies & other vehicles of mass culture created a new national community. Describe how the new media of communication reshaped American culture in the 1920s. Currently… What are the media sources influencing American culture?

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The New Mass Culture

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  1. The New Mass Culture • Objectives… • Summarize how movies & other vehicles of mass culture created a new national community. • Describe how the new media of communication reshaped American culture in the 1920s.

  2. Currently… • What are the media sources influencing American culture? • How does modern media influence American culture?

  3. #7-11) Describe how each of the following elements of mass media redefines the norms of American

  4. Social norms… A belief or value that is common to members of a particular culture. Social norms are often referred to as “the way we do things around here” and are the standards for appropriate social behaviors. The established norms within a society maybe reflected in dress, language and social habits culture.

  5. The Roaring 20s Movies, radio, journalism, recordings, advertising & celebrities created a new national community.

  6. The movie industry… • Reorganizes in Hollywood… • Large studios: • Paramount; Fox; MGM; Universal; Warner Brothers • The three functions of the studio system… Production, distribution & exhibition • Wall Street investment is required to fund big movie projects

  7. The movie industry… New themes for movies… - Consumer culture, youthfulness, athleticism - Types…- Musicals; Gangster films; Westerns; Comedies; Travelogues

  8. The “TALKIES”end the silent era in1927The Jazz Singer starring Al Jolson

  9. Greta Garbo – Flesh and the Devil (1927) Douglas FairbanksThe Mark of Zorro Clara Bowhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAxLbXTZdnU Mary Pickford“America’s Sweet Heart”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FtrUdqvOBVY

  10. Charlie Chaplin “The Little Tramp”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xoKbDNY0Zwg Rudolph Valentino The Sheik

  11. Many Americans, particularly in rural areas and small towns, worried about Hollywood's impact on…. The sexual morality of our culture

  12. 7) Summarize how motion pictures redefined the norms of American society • Influences dress, hair styles & language • Liberal social themes in movies change traditional values • Movies advocate “a consumption oriented society”

  13. Radio Broadcasting In the early 1920s, radio was used to promote newspapers with news being read from the papers that sponsored time on the radio.

  14. Radio Broadcasting Who paid for radio programs at first and how did it change?... What was America listening to on the radio?

  15. Households with Radios 1920-30 • 1920s... 1920…. 20,00 1922…. 60,000 1924…. 1,250,000 1926…. 4,500,000 1928… 8,000,000 1930…. 13,750,000 • 1930... • 600 stations • 40% of America with a radio KDKA in Pittsburgh, PA was the first radio station. “The wireless”

  16. What conclusions can you draw about the radio?

  17. The giants of radio broadcasting… • General Electric (GE) • Westinghouse • Radio Corp of America (RCA) • American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T) • National Broadcast Comp. (NBC) • Columbia Broadcast Comp. (CBS) Radio’s first national hit…

  18. 8) Summarize how commercial radio broadcasting redefined the norms of American society • Provides a link to the outside world • Creates a national consumer culture • Makes sports popular... Baseball & college football • Popularizes...Country western, blues & jazz

  19. New Forms of Journalism Tabloid Newspapers… • New York Daily News • LA Daily News • Denver Rocky Mountain News The differences between tabloids & other newspapers?… -Tabloid topics… Sensationalized news... scandal, sports & sex -Tabloid readers…Poorly educated, working class, city dwellers, commuters & immigrants

  20. Sensationalism in tabloid journalism: The Ruth Snyder execution in... A Long Island housewife, convinced her lover that her husband was abusing her. The pair murdered him and their trial was a media frenzy. They were quickly found guilty and executed. A photographer from the NY Daily News, had a camera strapped to his ankle, and took picture of her at the moment of death. The paper sold 250,000 extra copies.

  21. 4) Summarize how tabloid journalism redefined the norms of American society • Influences the national consumer culture • Sensational news reporting

  22. Advertising Modernity New techniques affecting advertising… Shifts in advertising… Product examples…

  23. Advertising in the 1920s • Related to the efforts of the CPI in WW I • The focus “Needs, desires and anxieties” • Appeals to… “Nature, medical authority, personal freedom, vanity, physical & emotional wellbeing” • 1.4 billion in 1919... 3 billion 1929

  24. Jan, 1923 - McClure's Magazine Script: NEW Kissproof the waterproof rouge...in a startling jade green case. New! Different! Exquisitely modern! Daintily thin! Never before has a Compact Rouge been offered in such a strikingly original case! Luxurious gold and brilliant jade green! An Exclusive Compact Rouge for Particular Women--yet costs but 50c! And its genuine Kissproof!

  25. Jan, 1923 - McClure's Magazine Script: “The Supreme Achievement in Electric Washing Machines”

  26. Advertising Modern The focus “Needs, desires and anxieties” 1922: 100K in sales... 1927: 4 million in sales

  27. 10) Summarize how advertising redefined the norms of American society • CONSUMPTION! • Creates a national consumer culture

  28. The Phonograph & Record Industry The most popular types of music in the 1920s… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2iqqAIZpp2c

  29. The Phonograph &Record Industry Records transform popular culture 1921: 100 million in record sales

  30. The Phonograph & Record Industry What regional or ethnic markets were developed?

  31. Louis Armstrong1901-1971 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2VCwBzGdPM

  32. 11) Summarize how the record industry redefined the norms of American society • Dances crazes... Fox trot, Tango, Grizzly bear, Charleston, Black bottom • Creates a common understanding of popular music & the role of music in social interaction

  33. Objective… Summarize the significance of sport and celebrity in the 1920s? Sports Heroes & Celebrities

  34. Who was George Herman Ruth and how did he affect the game of baseball? Babe Ruth “The Sultan of Swat”1927- 60 HRs

  35. The Negro Leagues

  36. The Negro Leagues • The NL played 11 World Series • Biggest black sports attraction in the US • East – West All-Star game…

  37. Satchel Paige Josh Gibson • Led NL in HRs for 10 years • 75 HRs in 1931 • 585 ft. HR at Yankee Stadium • Elected to MLB Hall of Fame in 1972 • Pitcher 1926-1950 • 1971 Hall of Fame • Age 59, pitched 3 innings for the A's -oldest man to pitch in MLB

  38. Charles Lindbergh1927 -The Spirit of St. Louis lands in Paris • 1920 - First to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean • NY to Paris in 33 ½ hours • A magnetic compass & air speed indicator to guide • 100,000 greet him in Paris

  39. Amelila Earhart • 1928 1st woman (passenger) to cross Atlantic -20 hrs. 40 min. • 1932 solo flight across Atlantic • 1937 disappears trying to fly around world

  40. Gertrude Ederle In 1926, at the age of 19, Ederle swam 35 miles across in the English channel in 14 hrs 39 min."People said women couldn't swim the Channelbut I proved they could" --Ederle

  41. Boxing:Jack DempseyHeavyweight Champ 1919-1926 Tennis:Bill Tilden “Battling Bill”

  42. Golf: Bobby Jones Considered the greatest amateur golfer of modern times.

  43. Red Grange “The Galloping Ghost” • 1924 - Illinois v. Michigan… -First 5 carries & 5 TDs -First sports figure with manager

  44. Johnny Weissmuller"Greatest Aquatic Star ever produced in America" 1932-1938 he stars in 12 Tarzan films • 1924-28 Olympic Swimmer & Water Polo Player • 5 gold medals • 1 bronze (Polo)

  45. Summarize how the celebrities of the 1920s helped redefine the norms of American society?

  46. Objective…. Explain how the image of the flapper embodied the changing values and attitudes of young women in the 1920s.Identify the characteristics of a flapper.

  47. Women at the turn of the century Women in the 1920s

  48. Flappers: What are the social and fashion characteristics that define a flapper.

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