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Innovations in Clinical Engineering: Enhancing Cardiac Procedures and Operating Room Efficiency

This presentation by Christopher Troiano explores critical clinical needs within mechanical engineering, specifically focusing on enhancements for cardiopulmonary bypass, intra-aortic balloon pumps, and angioplasty procedures. Key issues include post-perfusion syndrome, the cumbersome design of current monitoring systems, inefficiencies in angioplasty practice, and the clutter of operating rooms. By proposing solutions like pulsatile flow environments, ambulatory balloon pumps, adaptive wire technologies, and modular monitoring units, the aim is to improve patient outcomes and streamline the workflow for healthcare professionals.

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Innovations in Clinical Engineering: Enhancing Cardiac Procedures and Operating Room Efficiency

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Clinical Needs Presentation Christopher Troiano RIT Mechanical Engineering

  2. Clinical Needs • Improving the Flow Environment for Cardiopulmonary Bypass • Ambulatory Design for the Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump • Increasing Proficiency of Balloon Angioplasty • Adapting Wire Technology for Increased Control • Decreasing Footprint and Clutter of Machines in Operating Rooms

  3. Improving the Flow Environment for Cardiopulmonary Bypass • Problem: Potential aftereffects of the heart-lung machine are postperfusion syndrome, hemolysis, and capillary leak syndrome. • Need: An alteration to the flow environment – allowing for pulsatile flow over continuous flow, filtering of microemboli and debris from the circuit, and altering the centrifuge to incur less red blood cell damage. • Statistics: In a study posted by the New England Journal of Medicine, 53% of bypass patients experience cognitive decline at discharge, 36% at six weeks, 24% at six months, and 42% at five years.

  4. Ambulatory Design for the Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump • Problem: The current monitoring and control system for the intra-aortic balloon pump is massive, and cannot be easily transported. • Need: An intra-aortic balloon pump better designed for ambulatory use. • Fun Fact: The console weighs 34.8kg, the monitor weighs 4.3kg, the cart weighs 29.1kg, and the internal battery weighs 15.4kg, for a total weight of 83.6kg (184lbs)!

  5. Increasing Proficiency of Balloon Angioplasty • Problem: Angioplasty procedures commonly require more than one balloon to be used. This is wasteful in regards to the time and cost the hospital must spend on the procedure. • Need: A balloon catheter that can vary in length and/or diameter. • Statistic: In 2010, Strong Memorial Hospital performed 845 interventional angioplasties.

  6. Adapting Wire Technology for Increased Control • Problem: Surgeons occasional have trouble accessing arteries during diagnostic catherizations. Access can require the use of various sheaths and guide wires. • Need: A wire that could alter its shape without sacrificing stiffness. • Statistics: In 2010, Strong Memorial Hospital performed 2,652 vascular catherizations and 3,220 cardiac catherizations.

  7. Decreasing Footprint and Clutter of Machines in Operating Rooms • Problem: Operating rooms, with special notice of cardiac surgery rooms, contain numerous monitoring machines. There is a lot of clutter, particularly with wires, and the importance of each machine requires the physiologists to constantly move to monitor each machine. • Need: The development of a single, modular unit that can accept data from multiple machines, allowing for one central machine to retrieve all diagnostic data.

  8. Questions?

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