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Greek Numbers and Number Systems

Greek Numbers and Number Systems. Attic System. Paralleled the Roman numbers, symbols lined up in rows Found in Attic (Athens), probably from 7 th century B.C. No zero Base 10 Used to designate values of units, weights and measure. Attic Symbols.

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Greek Numbers and Number Systems

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  1. Greek Numbers and Number Systems

  2. Attic System • Paralleled the Roman numbers, symbols lined up in rows • Found in Attic (Athens), probably from 7th century B.C. • No zero • Base 10 • Used to designate values of units, weights and measure

  3. Attic Symbols • Number was too long for carving in stone or engraving on money • Not able to designate very small or very large numbers • Not useful for the new discoveries in mathematics or astronomy

  4. Ionic • Used from 4th century B.C. • based on 10, no zero until Ptolemy’s time 140 B.C. • Alphabetic ciphered system, giving values to the letters of the alphabet • Twenty-seven characters • Twenty-four letters of the Greek alphabet • Plus three obsolete symbols: diagamma, koppa, sampi • Initially capital letters were used • small letters were substituted much latter

  5. Ionic System • Small numbers • Fractions: γ΄=1/3 • Numerator has bar • Large numbers • βΜ = 20,000 • Archimedes number

  6. Examples and calculations • Addition: Greeks would place all numbers of one denomination above one another, vertically. • Multiplication: Greeks began from the highest denominations (left to right), using a distributive law.

  7. Resources • Greek numbers. Retreived 2/10/12. http://www.math.tamu.edu/~dallen/history/gr_count/gr_count.html • How Greek numbers worked. Retreived 2/10/12. http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/Greek_numbers.html • The Greek Number System. Retreived 2/14/12. http://www.math.wichita.edu/history/topics/num-sys.html#greek

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