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VALUE CHAIN DEVELOPMENT AS A DESTINATION MANAGEMENT TOOL - The Zanzibar Example -

VALUE CHAIN DEVELOPMENT AS A DESTINATION MANAGEMENT TOOL - The Zanzibar Example -. One Africa Network Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism. Birgit Steck Senior Tourism Advisor Dar es Salaam, Tanzania bsteck@snvworld.org. SNV SPPT is active in 10 African countries, in 23 destinations

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VALUE CHAIN DEVELOPMENT AS A DESTINATION MANAGEMENT TOOL - The Zanzibar Example -

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  1. VALUE CHAIN DEVELOPMENT AS A DESTINATION MANAGEMENT TOOL - The Zanzibar Example - One Africa NetworkSustainablePro Poor Tourism Birgit Steck Senior Tourism Advisor Dar es Salaam, Tanzaniabsteck@snvworld.org

  2. SNV SPPT is active in 10 African countries, in 23 destinations • 33 experienced tourism advisors working on the ground • About 90 program initiatives to make tourism work for the poor • Pro poor income at destinations shall increase from 10 to 15 % The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 2

  3. Zanzibar Tourism Value Chain Analysis TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 3

  4. To measure the financial flows from the tourism industry accruing to the poor’ in Zanzibar To suggest and prioritise interventions based on this analysis TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBARTourism Value Chain Analysis OBJECTIVES The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 4

  5. Measures where tourism revenue is flowing throughout the tourism industry Measures the direct financial impacts on ‘the poor’ who are defined prior to the research: Analyses the barriers for the ‘poor’ in engaging in earning tourism revenue Suggests interventions based on the financial and logistical analysis TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis METHODOLOGY Tourism Value Chain Analysis in Zanzibar: (PPI - Pro Poor Income) The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 5

  6. TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis MAP OF TOURISM SECTORS FOR THE ACTUAL ANALYSIS Accommo-dation Providers Food and Beverage Operations Retail -discretionary out of pocket spending Tours and excursions Services • Number and Type • Costs, Turnover, Profitability • Employees • Government • Revenues • Independent Restaurants • Restaurants in Coastal Areas • Street Vendors • Linkages to the Food and Beverage Sector • Hotel shops and high end busin. • Employment • Micro enterprises and the informal sector • Souvenir shops • Painters • Clothes and material shops • Wood carvers • Tour operators • Dive Operators • Guides • Spice Farmers • Boat Trips- informal sector • Taxi services • Hotel outlets and high end businesses • Micro enterprises and the informal sector • Internet Cafés • Provision Stores Non-tourism, but related sectors The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 6

  7. TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis ACCOMMODATION:WHERE THE POOR PARTICIPATE • All non-management Zanzibari staff salaries and benefits • 70% of all staff are Zanzibari, • 66% of all staff are non- management Zanzibari • All locally produced commodities • 100% of all fish 80% of all fruits • 44% of all meat 20% of all vegetable • PPI = 7% for accommodation sector • . The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 7

  8. TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis INDEPENDENT RESTAURANTS:WHERE THE POOR PARTICIPATE • Very few restaurants outside hotels (high set up and fixed costs) • Higher local linkages – more local products on the plate • PPI = 47% for independent restaurants The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 8

  9. TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis TOURS AND EXCURSIONS Breakdown of Tours and excursions as a percentage of the total trips Number of total trips: 80,000 per year The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 9

  10. TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis TOURS AND EXCURSIONS: WHERE THE POOR PARTICIPATE • PPI for tour operators: 43% • PPI from dive centres:0.7% • PPI from taxi services (tourism component only): 29 % • PPI for Tours and Excursions is 18.8% The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 10

  11. TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis RETAIL FINDINGS Constraints for engagement of ‘poor’ Zanzibaris • High demand for imported goods • Lack of awareness of current tourist mix of Zanzibari culture • Cost effectiveness of imported (cheaper) items • High end shops and SMEs mainly owned by non-Zanzibaris • Difficulty of exporting heavier items (woodcarvings) • Shops not rented so not always in good locations • Low product diversification –very definite skill bases • PPI = 27% for the retail sector The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 11

  12. SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS The total revenue for all sectors under analysis is 172 million US$ The total pro poor income from direct linkages to tourism in Zanzibar is 10 % Accommo-dation Providers Food and Beverage Operations Retail -discretionary out of pocket spending Tours and excursions Services The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 12 TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis

  13. SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS Breakdown of Revenue by Sector and PPI 18.8 % PPI 27 % PPI Pro-Poor Contribution 47 % PPI ? % PPI US$ 172 million 7.3 % PPI The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 13 TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis

  14. SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS Breakdown of Revenue by Sector and Pro-Poor Contribution The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 14 TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis

  15. SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS • High proportion of tourism revenue is directed through the hotel sector – low PPI • High-end hotels appear to give higher PPI per tourist and so will have less drain on resources • Small individual restaurant sector – high PPI • Less spent in tours and excursions than on retail– suggests an under-usage of cultural resources • SMES retail sector dominated by non-Zanzibaris through access to supplies for prominent products and prominent locations. The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 15 TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis

  16. SUMMARY OF MAIN FINDINGS • 6. Informal sector is significant: formalisation in some cases will improve revenue and customer experience, in others will reduce profitability through tax • 7. Agricultural linkages hindered by variety, quality and high seasonality of produce • 8. Only more wealthy fishers can engage with tourism but face lack of current market information and high perishability. The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 16 TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain AnalysisWay forward

  17. INTERVENTIONS: • Awareness raising on SPPT • Employment • Linkages • SME development The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 17 TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis

  18. INTERVENTIONS Increase of Pro Poor Impacts vs speed and likelihood of impact Increase of Pro Poor Impacts Speed and likelihood of impact The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 18 TOURISM: MORE VALUE FOR ZANZIBAR Tourism Value Chain Analysis

  19. INTERVENTIONS – PRIORITIES Linkages to related supply chains High Impact, low speed Rain water harvest. & irrigation Fruit and Vegetables:Direct supplies to hotels BDS skills for farmers Direct poultry sales Post harvest fish handling Safe dairy product handling High Impact, high speed Upgrade poultry production Fish marketing centres Increase of Pro Poor Impacts Low Impact, high speed Low Impact, low speed Sustainable fishing practises The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 19 Speed and likelihood of impact

  20. INTERVENTIONS – PRIORITIES SME development High Impact, high speed Vocational Training for clothing Diversification of paintings High Impact, low speed Business and financial training Promotion of Cultural Tours Increase of Pro Poor Impacts Low Impact, high speed Formalization of boat trips Spice farm umbrella organisation Low Impact, low speed Promotion of local products Improved marketing of Zanzibari carvings The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 20 Speed and likelihood of impact

  21. INTERVENTIONS – PRIORITIESEmployment Potential for the Poor High Impact, low speed Apprenticeship schemes Improved in house training Training and Internship High Impact, high speed Language training Maths training Increase of Pro Poor Impacts Low Impact, low speed Tourism as an attractive career Raising training standards Incentives for in house trainings Low Impact, high speed The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 21 Speed and likelihood of impact

  22. ZANZIBAR COOPERATION PARTNERS • VSO-ZEST (Zanzibar Entrepreneurship Sustainable Tourism) • Tanzania Cluster Competitiveness Program • Jambiani Tourism Training Institute • NGO Resource Centre (Aga Khan Foundation ) • Ministry of Finance (MKUZA coordinator) • Private Sector Associations • Individual Companies (e.g. SERENA Hotel) • Ministry of Tourism • Zanzibar Commission for Tourism • The Gatsby Foundation The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 22

  23. SNV One Africa Network:Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism • A central tenet of pro-poor tourism is thatany kind of tourism can benefit the poor. • In partnership with research institutes and universities as well as with other development agencies and partners, we particularly examine and compare the impact of tourism on poor communities,‘Tracing the Tourism Dollar’ in: Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania and Zambia. The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 23

  24. SNV One Africa Network:Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism • These destinations vary from UNESCO World Heritage sites (Dogon Country, Serengeti, and Victoria Falls), world famous dream sites (Zanzibar) to emerging destinations (Ethiopia) and capital cities (Accra and Maputo). • Using an analytical framework based on the value chain analyses, we assess the direct, indirect impacts of tourist expenditure on the local economies and identify issues. The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 24

  25. SNV One Africa Network:Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism • The Value Chain Analysis examines the pro-poor impact of expenditure in the accommodation, the food and beverage, craft and transportation supply chains and also excursion sectors in those specific Sub Saharan African destinations. • Based on the Value Chain Analysis we facilitate the dialogue and develop a joint vision among the stakeholders, jointly formulating and prioritizing the interventions to increase the pro-poor impact of tourism. The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 25

  26. SNV One Africa Network:Sustainable Pro Poor Tourism • SNV works with organisations that can make a difference with regard to resolving some of the bottlenecks or helping to unlock opportunities for greater participation and income generation from tourism by the poor. • The VCA is a starting tool to get bottlenecks identified but also trigger the dialogue on Pro Poor Impact of Tourism among the stakeholders who seldom get together easily. • SNV supports and facilitates the processes and contributes technical expertise, ‘linking people’s capacities’. The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 26

  27. THANK YOU AND WELCOME TO COOPERATE! The Morning After 2015: SNV in Latin America Page 27

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