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Nekton

Nekton. Clupeidae American shad Alosa sapidissima. Engraulidae baelama anchovy Thryssa baelama. A. Bertrand. Scombridae Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus. Istiophoridae Striped marlin Tetrapturus audax. Molidae Sunfishes Mola mola. Cetorhinidae Basking shark Cetorhinus maximus.

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Nekton

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  1. Nekton

  2. Clupeidae American shad Alosa sapidissima Engraulidae baelama anchovy Thryssa baelama

  3. A. Bertrand

  4. Scombridae Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus

  5. Istiophoridae Striped marlin Tetrapturus audax

  6. Molidae Sunfishes Mola mola

  7. Cetorhinidae Basking shark Cetorhinus maximus

  8. Myctophidae lanterfishes Gonichthys cocco  Diaphus rafinesquii 

  9. Biological Oceanography

  10. www.nmfs.noaa.gov/prot_res/images/cetaceans/Pan_tropical_spotter.jpgwww.nmfs.noaa.gov/prot_res/images/cetaceans/Pan_tropical_spotter.jpg

  11. Necktonic Organisms • Certain large crustaceans (i.e. krill) • Cephalopods (i.e. squid) • Fishes • Reptiles (i.e. sea turtles, marine iguanas) • Seabirds (Diving and swimming) • Mammals (i.e. seals, cetacean)

  12. Food Webs

  13. Trophic Flux Controls: “bottom-up”, “top-down” y “wasp-waist” Top- Down Bottom-Up Wasp-Waist (P. Cury)

  14. Bottom-up Control P. Cury

  15. P. Cury westerly weather North Atlantic Long term evolution between 4 trophic levels and North Sea Climate (Aebischer et al, 1990): Phytoplankton Zooplankton Kittiwake laydate Herring Kittiwake clutch Kittiwake chicks

  16. Top-down Control P. Cury

  17. Big fish eat small fish...

  18. A. Bertrand Top-down control: ‘Trophic Cascade’ concept Relative abundance Zoopl Phytopl Cod Capelin Before 1990 After 1990 Northeast Atlantic (Carscadden et al., 2001)

  19. Top-down Control (Estes et al. 1998) P. Cury

  20. Wasp-Waist Control P. Cury

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