Knowledge Governance in Organizational Knowledge Creation: A Knowledge Governance Perspective

1. Knowledge Governance in Organizational Knowledge Creation:A Knowledge Governance Perspective Chi-Wei Liu Pei-Wen Huang Graduate School of Management I-Shou University Presenter: C.W. Liu December 3, 2004, given in NCCU 論文題目/報告人 p1

2. Presentation Outline • Background • Questions To Be Answered • Knowledge Governance Perspective (KGP) • Organizational Knowledge Creation (OKC) • Knowledge Governance Mechanisms in OKC from KGP • Future Research Directions 論文題目/報告人 p2

3. Background 論文題目/報告人 p3

4. the traditional application of ‘governance’ in TC and AT • the emerging of a knowledge-based management paradigm(Amin and Cohendet, 2000) • the dimensions of the governed target e.g. cognitive complexity, contextual dependence, social embeddedness, etc 論文題目/報告人 p4

5. proposing the concept of ‘knowledge governance’ and ‘knowledge governance mechanism’ (Drucker , 1960; Grandori, 2000a) • an inevitable necessity of a different content of governance in the New Economy(Grandori, 2000a; Grandori and Kogut, 2002; Foss, Husted, Michailova and Pedersen, 2003; Nooteboom, 2000; Zahra and Filatotchev, 2004) 論文題目/報告人 p5

6. Nooteboom (2004): reconciling transaction cost economics (TCE) and competence view • Zahra and Filatotchev (2004): examining from a knowledge-based perspective • Foss and Pedersen (2004): declaring the importance of combining macro and micro views 論文題目/報告人 p6

7. Research Gap • ‘How organizational controls may be used to foster knowledge sharing and creation is very much in its infancy’. (Foss, Husted, Michailova and Pedersen (2003: 16) • WHY and HOW knowledge governance can arrange, cultivate or shape an environment to ‘govern’ knowledge activities are unknown. 論文題目/報告人 p7

8. Puzzles confusing us… ‘knowledge governance’ ?? • roles? content? • a theoretical perspective? 論文題目/報告人 p8

9. Driving Interests Behind These Puzzles... • To clarify the roles and content of knowledge governance in organization knowledge activities • The roles of knowledge governance and the content of knowledge governance mechanisms can get illuminated by applying a ‘relatively appropriate’ theoretical perspective. 論文題目/報告人 p9

10. Questions To Be Answered 論文題目/報告人 p10

11. Why knowledge needs to be governed in an organization? • What context and phenomena in an organization can be justified from a governance perspective? 論文題目/報告人 p11

12. Can existing perspectives provide comprehensive understanding about ‘knowledge governance’? • So what?! 論文題目/報告人 p12

13. Q1: Why knowledge needs to be governed in an organization? 論文題目/報告人 p13

14. an organization as a collective entity of specialized communities to work towards common tasks(Drucker,1994; Kogut & Zander, 1996; Postrel, 2002) • specialized knowledge dispersed and embedded in organization members(Kogut & Zander, 1993) 論文題目/報告人 p14

15. to accomplish organization’s task collectively and successfully • the targets of being governed : ‘knowledge’, ‘knowledge producer’ and ‘the process of the knowledge activity itself’ 論文題目/報告人 p15

16. Q2:What context and phenomena in an organization can be justified from a ‘governance’ perspective? 論文題目/報告人 p16

17. While performing the assigned tasks… • knowledge is created through problem-solving and decision-making(Nickerson and Zenger, 2004) • assuming an organization is a knowledge repository(Kogut & Zander, 1993) …. 論文題目/報告人 p17

18. Why KG in KC? • to efficiently generate and create knowledge to enhance and enrich this knowledge repository(Nonaka, 1994) • the organizational knowledge creation phenomena could be justified from a knowledge governance view(Nooteboom, 2000; Grandori, 2000) 論文題目/報告人 p18

19. Q3: Can existing perspectives provide comprehensive understanding about ‘knowledge governance’? • Why the concern of extending our knowledge of governance from an interdisciplinary and a meso approachis proposed? (Grandori, 1997, 2002; Barney and Hesterly, 1999; Shapira, 2000; Foss et al, 2003; Foss and Pedersen, 2004; Nooteboom, 2004) 論文題目/報告人 p19

20. Distinctiveness of ‘governing knowledge’ • the impact of the interaction between knowledge and the physical and social world on path-dependent and socially-constructed dimensions of knowledge(Nooteboom, 1992; Cannella & Paetzold, 1994). 論文題目/報告人 p20

21. Why TCE fails?( Davis & Thompson, 1994; Davis & Thompson, 1994; Grandori, 2001a; Nooteboom, 2004) • Why competence-based organization approach fails? • Why cognition perspective fails? 論文題目/報告人 p21

22. ‘…Nothing is more fundamental in setting our research agenda and informing our research methods than our view of the nature of the human beings whose behavior we are studying’ (Simon, 1985: 303) 論文題目/報告人 p22

23. Assuming Organization Cannot Create Knowledge, But People Do! 論文題目/報告人 p23

24. Knowledge Governance Perspective (KGP)— an economic-social model of behavior 論文題目/報告人 p24

25. DIMENSIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR WAY OF THINKING: AN ECONOMIC-SOCIAL MODLE OF BEHAVIOR KGP 論文題目/報告人 p25

26. From theeconomicside: to minimize the value loss in the process of knowledge activities by satisfying organizational member’s self-interestand preventingtheir opportunistic behaviors 論文題目/報告人 p26

27. From the socialside: to minimize the value loss and maximize the value gain during the process with respect to the social considerations of the impact of identity, social influenceand bounded rationality in the process of knowledge activities 論文題目/報告人 p27

28. So what? • disclosing the ‘black box’ of how knowledge could become productive with competence • explaining why firm A outperforms firm B when both firms possess same knowledge assets • echoing a meso approach to examine the multi-level phenomena of organizational knowledge creation 論文題目/報告人 p28

29. Scope of this research • to unfold the content of knowledge governance by studying the contextual variables influencing human being’s behavior within an organization • examining the knowledge governance mechanisms moderators with contextual flavorin the organizational knowledge creation from KGP 論文題目/報告人 p29

30. Within the Context… • the nature of governance: to motivate willingness and coordinateabilities oforganization members during the processes of creating knowledge 論文題目/報告人 p30

31. OrganizationalKnowledge Creation 論文題目/報告人 p31

32. Three Issues to be Explored … • What are the antecedents of organizational knowledge creation? • What mediating mechanisms help convert an individual created knowledge into organizational one?’ • the roadmap of organizational knowledge creation 論文題目/報告人 p32

33. DETERMINANTS OF KNOWLEDGE CREATION Knowledge sharing Knowledge Flow Approach Knowledge transfer Contextual Consideration Knowledge creation Knowledge spiral Knowledge Transformation Approach Organizational learning Ability Consideration Knowledge integration 論文題目/報告人 p33

34. ROADMAP OF KC Knowledge sharing Knowledge Communication Knowledge Flow Approach Knowledge transfer Contextual Consideration Knowledge creation Knowledge spiral Knowledge Consolidation Knowledge Transformation Approach Organizational learning Ability Consideration Knowledge integration 論文題目/報告人 p34

35. Knowledge Governance Mechanisms in Organizational Knowledge Creation from KGP 論文題目/報告人 p35

36. DUAL ROLES OF KGMs IN KC FROM KGP Process-loss Avoider Process-gain Facilitator Contextual Consideration Contextual Environment Cultivating KGMs Knowledge Creation Learning Ability Reinforcing Ability Consideration 論文題目/報告人 p36

37. KGMs in Contextual Environment Cultivating CONTENTS OF KGMs IN KC FROM KGP TC incentive mechanisms KBV identity SET trust, informal communication channels Knowledge Flow Approach Knowledge Creation Knowledge Communication Knowledge Consolidation Knowledge Transformation Approach KBV organizational CS learning KGMsin Learning Ability Reinforcing 論文題目/報告人 p37

38. Incentive mechanism Shared identity Trust Informal communication Channels Organizational learning CONCEPTUAL MODEL Knowledge sharing Knowledge transfer Knowledge Communication Knowledge Creation Organizational learning Knowledge spiral Knowledge integration Knowledge Consolidation 論文題目/報告人 p38

39. Future Research Directions 論文題目/報告人 p39

40. examining the contingent roles on the continuum of KGMs as process-loss avoider and process-gain facilitator by examining the antecedents of each KGM • exploring the limits of explanation of KGM in this study by examining the degree of the involvement of each KGM 論文題目/報告人 p40

41. the context and phenomena could be examined from knowledge activities in an inter-organizational context and other knowledge activities • putting the multi-level phenomena into consideration for further empirical study 論文題目/報告人 p41

42. During this theorizing journey, we do hope we asked a right question and we are moving on the right track… Are we undergoing a good conversation? 論文題目/報告人 p42

43. Acknowledgements 論文題目/報告人 p43

44. We are extremely grateful to Prof. S.C. Fang and Prof. T.K. Peng for their enriching our knowledge and broadening our view to probe into interesting phenomena in the management field. 論文題目/報告人 p44

45. We appreciate the conversations with spiritual mentors, B. Nooteboom, A. Grandori, N.J. Foss, et al…. • We highly appreciate Prof. J.R. Lee’s endeavor to this ‘conversation’, which will completethisresearch as a whole. 論文題目/報告人 p45

46. Thanks for GSMF’s invitation… 論文題目/報告人 p46

47. Your comments are highly welcome and appreciated! Pei-Wen Huang pamela30@ms34.hinet.net Chi-Wei Liu wliu01@ms15.hinet.net 論文題目/報告人 p47