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Peltier Solar Concentrator

Peltier Solar Concentrator. By: Michael Forrest Kyle Fifield Evan White. The Problem. To demonstrate that a thermoelectric device can efficiently converted solar energy into electricity. The goal is to create a system equally efficient to PV panels or even more efficient. The Solution.

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Peltier Solar Concentrator

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  1. Peltier Solar Concentrator By: Michael Forrest Kyle Fifield Evan White

  2. The Problem • To demonstrate that a thermoelectric device can efficiently converted solar energy into electricity. • The goal is to create a system equally efficient to PV panels or even more efficient.

  3. The Solution • Satellite Dish Sun Concentrator • Collector Plate • Thermal Electric Peltier Device • Azimuth-Altitude Solar Tracking • Battery Storage

  4. What is a Thermoelectric Device? • A thermoelectric “Peltier” device uses a seebeck effect to create power. • The seebeck effect uses the temperature differential to create a magnetic field which current can flow through

  5. Sun System Diagram Solar Rays Solar Concentrator Motor Controller Motor Controller Horizontal Tilt Microcontroller Peltier Device Solar Collector Dc/Dc Step-up Azimuth Rotation

  6. Solar Tracking Subsystem • Time of day tracks time • User interface will include buttons and 7-segment display • Motor controllers • 2 motors • Encoders will be used to keep track of how many turns the motors rotate.

  7. Solar Tracking System Diagram

  8. Solar Tracking Positioning Equations Elevation (zenith) Angle = Azimuth Angle = • Inputs • Date and Time • Longitude and Latitude

  9. User Interface • Displays: • Time of Day • Date • Azimuth Angle • Altitude Angle • Pushbuttons: • Up/Down Selection Arrows • Menu Option • Enter Button

  10. Azimuth Motor Mechanism Dish -Encoder 16 pulses/rev 360deg/16 pulses = 22.5degs/pulse -Encoder with Sprockets 1 to 7.5 sprocket ratio (22.5deg/pulse)*(1/7.5)= 3deg/pulse Encoder E 7.5 1 Base

  11. Thermoelectric Mounting Subsystem • Purpose: • Maximize Performance and Power Efficiency of HZ-20. • HZ-20 Module Around 5% Efficient. • Design Aspects: • Minimum Load of 200 psi on HZ-20. • Thermal Expansion of HZ-20. • Efficient Heat Transfer • Keeping Cold Side of HZ-20 Cool.

  12. Subsystem Diagram of Thermoelectric Mount

  13. Loading on HZ-20 Module • Ensures Module Remains in Compression to Maximize Heat Transfer. • Solution: • Belleville Springs. • Apply Large Amount of Force in Compact Area. • Also Allows for Thermal Expansion.

  14. Efficient Heat Transfer • Thermal Grease: • Ensures Efficient Heat Transfer from Mount to HZ-20 and HZ-20 to Heat Sink. • Overhang of 0.5 Inches and 0.25 Inches of Thickness on Mount: • Ensures Uniform Heating on HZ-20.

  15. Thermal Diagram TBar Temperature of Bar TH Temperature of Hot Side Thermal Resistance of Thermal Adhesive Thermal Resistance of Peltier Junction ∆T TC Temperature of Cold Side THS Temperature of Heat Sink Thermal Resistance of Heat Sink TA Temperature of Ambient

  16. Energy Gain B AreaEclipes= πAB A Area of Dish = 0.303077m² Area of FP = 0.003488m² Energy Gain = Area of Dish / Area of Focal Point Energy Gain = 87

  17. Efficiency Strategies 85% Reflectivity Dish Covered with Reflective Tape Absorbs 90% of light Aluminum Collector Plate Painted Black

  18. Efficiency Diagram Sunlight to Usable Energy Sun Reflective Tape 85% Efficient 5% Heat to Electricity Efficiency 90% Absorption Efficiency Wasted Heat Step-up Dc/Dc Converter 95% Efficient 12v Lead Acid Total Efficiency = 3.34% 92% Storage Efficiency

  19. Power Diagram Sun 8 mins to heat up Collector Concentrator 1000W/m² Heat Sink Peltier Device 303.1W 232W 220W 3V, 6.67A, 20W Dc/Dc Step-up 12V, 800mA, 9.6W

  20. Dc/Dc Step-up Convertor 1.8V to 5.5V

  21. Areas of Responsibility Evan Kyle Mike Solid Modeling / Peltier Mounting / Temperature Sensing Energy & Power Calculations/ Thermal Design/ Dc-Dc Step-Up Circuit Solar Tracking/ Time of Day Sensor Calculations & Programming/ Motor controllers

  22. Schedule • Things to be done • Design altitude motor mechanism • Build azimuth and altitude motor mechanism • Get final dimensions and mount HZ-20 on heat sink • Order parts • Troubleshoot TOD programming, finish coldfire calculation programming, design user input program, add motor driver program

  23. Questions?

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