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UN CARTOGRAPHY AND GIS MEETING UN HQ, New York; 28-30 March 2000 Ergin Ataman, GIS Manager

UN CARTOGRAPHY AND GIS MEETING UN HQ, New York; 28-30 March 2000 Ergin Ataman, GIS Manager Environment and Natural Resources Service Sustainable Development Department FAO, Rome, Italy. Major UN - FAO Policy Shaping Events

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UN CARTOGRAPHY AND GIS MEETING UN HQ, New York; 28-30 March 2000 Ergin Ataman, GIS Manager

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  1. UN CARTOGRAPHY AND GIS MEETING UN HQ, New York; 28-30 March 2000 Ergin Ataman, GIS Manager Environment and Natural Resources Service Sustainable Development Department FAO, Rome, Italy

  2. Major UN - FAO Policy Shaping Events - UN Conference on Environment and Development UNCED - Agenda 21, June 1992 - Post UNCED Environmental Conventions on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Desertification - World Food Summit (WFS), FAO, November 1996 WFS Action Plan - Kyoto Protocol, December 1997 - FAO Strategic Framework 2000 - 2015; 1999

  3. The Environment and Natural Resources Service (SDRN) of FAO deals with sustainable development and natural resources and environmental management issues Main activities: - development of spatial information infrastructures that enable information access, sharing and lower costs; - promotion integrated of data and information use for food security and sustainable development; - development of methodologies, guidelines and policies for resource management and environmental monitoring; - coordination of the implementation of UNCED Agenda 21, post- UNCED environmental Conventions and cross-sectoral Agreements.

  4. Other FAO Programmes with a significant GIS and/or Remote Sensing technology components - Monitoring, forecasting and simulation of the Nile River Basin irrigation control (FAO / USAID cooperation since 1990); - Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA2000); Global forest resources statistics; deforestation-afforestation (FAO / donors) - Desert Locust Monitoring and Forecasting with RAMSES remote sensing and SWARMS GIS systems; preventive control - Monitoring and forecasting of TseTse incidence in West Africa - Some 60 projects in 50 countries with a remote sensing and/or MIS/GIS component.

  5. The following units in The Environment and Natural Resources Service (SDRN) of FAO develop geo-spatial databases and/or meta-databases 1. Agrometeorology 2. ARTEMIS 3. Remote Sensing and AFRICOVER 4. GIS 5. GTOS Activities of these Units are described in the slides follow.

  6. ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES SERVICE - SDRN Agrometeorology Depending on the country, up to 70% of the yield can be lost due to poor weather! Climate data Weather impact can be quantified with the use of Climate maps crop-weather models cokrig How much will you harvest? Computer tools Faocast Agrometeorology can tell you! Suivi Faoclim Weather is the main single factor responsible for the year-to-year variations in crop yield. Milk productionandrainfall in Niger, Mali and Chad FAO agrometeorologists closely monitor crop conditions in Africa and extreme phenomena, such as El Niño. Crop-weather models are also used for the assessment of environmental risk and climate change impact.

  7. ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES SERVICE - SDRN DATABASES OF THE AGROMETEOROLOGY GROUP • CLIMATE TABULAR DATABASES • CLIMATE MAPS • VARIOUS TABULAR SUBNATIONAL CROP PRODUCTION DATABASES

  8. ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES SERVICE - SDRN Environmental Data and Information ARTEMIS Since August 1988, the Africa Real-Time Environmental Monitoring Information System, ARTEMIS, has been operationally receiving, processing, archiving and disseminating low-resolution remote sensing imagery in support of FAO’s programmes on early warning for food security, migrant pest and disease control. The ARTEMIS system was implemented by FAO in close co-operation with NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre, USA, the National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR) of the Netherlands and the University of Reading, U.K. with funding support from the Government of The Netherlands. The ARTEMIS archive contains products derived from four different series of satellites by a number of processing centres and are available at daily, 10-daily, bi-weekly and/or monthly intervals. They can be seen at http://ARTMET.FAO.ORG.

  9. EUMETSAT Darmstadt, Germany NOAA/NESDIS Suitland, USA NASDA/JMA JAPAN University of Miami Miami, USA Japan Met. Agency Tokyo, Japan NASA GSFC Greenbelt, USA VITO Mol, Belgium USAID FEWS USAID FEWS EC/JRC/SAI Ispra, Italy USERS CNES Toulouse, France SSC Kiruna, Sweden NOAA-CPC Suitland, USA FAO - ARTEMIS Cold Cloud Duration South East Asia Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Africa FAO Global Information and Early Warning System on Food and Agriculture (GIEWS) FAO Emergency Centre for Locust Operations (ECLO) FAO Animal Health Service (AGAH) Southern Africa Development Community, Regional Remote Sensing Unit (SADC) Various national and international research organisations Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Central America Estimated Rainfall Africa Normalized Difference Vegetation Index South America Cold Cloud Duration Africa Short Wave Infrared (VEGETATION) Estimated Rainfall Africa

  10. ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES SERVICE - SDRN Layer 1: Hydrography Rivers and lakes. FAO - GIS FAO GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FAO Geographic Information System (GIS) and FAO corporate GIS databases are managed by SDRN. GIS is used to integrate, process, analyse and display digital spatial and non spatial data. Layers of thematic information can be integrated to provide new insights into sustainable development problems. In this example, many thematic layers were integrated to obtain a GIS information infrastructure for Burundi. Layer 2: Elevation contours Layer 3: Infrastructure Layer 4: Soils Original data can be from a range of projections and scales. Several layers are combined in this GIS output. The 3D effect is generated by the GIS from the elevation data. Layer 5: Major land-cover types GIS refers to computerised information storage, processing and retrieval systems, specifically designed to cope with spatial data and its corresponding attribute information. GIS is an important tool for sustainable development, bringing together spatial and statistical data from different sectors. It can help promote communication between different sectors such as agriculture, forestry, climate monitoring and rural development.

  11. Some Examples of FAO GIS Datasets Layers of thematic data are combined to model a specific factor. Additional data layers relevant to sustainable development include:- Geology Protected Areas Population Density Map of problem soils in Continental Southeast Asia Vegetation Map of South America Factors which can be modelled include:- Suitability for a particular crop Food Insecurity Vulnerability Soil Degradation, Desertification Deforestation, Environmental Impact National and Sub-National Administrative boundaries are a key dataset because they can be used to spatially represent socio-economic data such as population. World Soil Resources Map For more detailed information see: http://www.fao.org/sd/Eldirect/GIS/EIGIS000.htm

  12. The core data holdings of the FAO GIS Unit are described in in an MS-Word document provided. FAO GIS Unit also intends to update/enhance or developthe following global GIS database: 1. Subnational boundaries 2. Geo-referenced socio-economic datasets 3. Climate 4. Soils and soil degradation 5. Soil constraints and problem soils 6. Agroecological zones 7. Potential food self-sufficiency at low and high input levels 8. Land-cover 9. Ecofloristic zones 10. Physiography (Africa) 11. Topography (DEM) 12. Hydrography 13. Water resources ( Africa) 14. Watershed basins 15. Irrigated lands 16. Infrastructure 17. Protected areas 18. Population and population density (rural/urban projections for 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015)

  13. Global Terrestrial Observing System linking the world’s terrestrial monitoring systems to provide a global vision of the Earth we share

  14. Focuses on five issues of global concern: 1. Changes in land quality 2. Availability of freshwater recources 3. Loss of biodiversity 4. Impacts of climate change 5. Effect of pollution and toxicity

  15. GTOS Sponsors Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) International Council of Science Unions (ICSU) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

  16. AFRICOVER- Eastern Africa Module Land Cover Classification System and Africover Interpretation and Mapping System

  17. Africover - Eastern Africa Module Africover initiative: The only existing regional mapping project specifically set up to fill the identified gap of absence of baseline homogeneous information on natural resources at a detailed level. New approach: Multi-Purpose Africover Database for Environmental resources (MADE) What it is: a set of detailed/homogeneous land cover and environmental information that can be used by a large community of specific end-users. Why: because this database is functional to the new database management trends, it reduces costs and improves efficiency at local, national and regional levels.

  18. Forestry Agriculture Rangeland Wild life Planning MULTIPURPOSE AFRICOVER DATABASE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES Africover - Eastern Africa Module UNIQUE SOURCE OF BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION Standardization process - Comparability- Increasing efficiency Cost reduction - Easy to update - Conform international standards

  19. Africover - Eastern Africa Module From the concept to the practical application: - a set of new dedicated tools is developed that are explained below- Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) is a new concept of land cover classification system that is flexible, able to describe any type of land cover feature in the world, at any scale or level of detail, in a standardized manner. It provides a common language to bridge users and existing systems. Africover Interpretation and Mapping System (AIMS) is a new concept of on-screen interpretation software that combines the advantages of the digital automated classification and traditional visual interpretation in a synergetic way. It improves the interactive use of ancillary data and any other type data.

  20. Africover - Eastern Africa Module Project facts: Countries that are at present participating to the project: Egypt, Sudan, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Eritrea Total project area: 8.5 millions km2 Cost of the project per square Kilometre: 0.64 USD/km2 National Experts under training: 42 persons

  21. Africover - Eastern Africa Module Objectives Immediate Objective 1 Production of a current regional assessment of land cover of E. Africa as a basis for regional and national level planning. • Outputs: • A 1:1 000 000 colour and 1: 250 000 B&W satellite interpreted land cover maps of the whole of E. Africa (12 countries). • A consistent hierarchical land cover classification legend for E. Africa at mapping scales of 1:1M and 1:250 000. • A digital database of land cover units of E. Africa based on interpreted 1:500 000 and 1:250 000 scale satellite imagery.

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