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Management approaches for CEAFM

Management approaches for CEAFM. “a fisheries perspective”. Conventional fisheries management………. Target resource species orientated fisheries management which involves imposing controls on either the amount of fishing or the quantity of fish caught, or both.

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Management approaches for CEAFM

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  1. Management approaches for CEAFM “a fisheries perspective”

  2. Conventional fisheries management……… Target resource species orientated fisheries management which involves imposing controls on either the amount of fishing or the quantity of fish caught, or both. Source: King M 2009, Workshop materials, SPC

  3. However, a fishery is part of an ecosystem … The ecosystem will be affected by both fisheries and non-fisheries impacts. Source: King M 2009, Workshop materials, SPC

  4. Fisheries managers take on impacts……… It is pointless to address the problem of depleted fish stocks by reducing fishing effort, restricting catches and imposing size limits if the key threats to their recovery are degraded ecosystems. Apia Policy 2008

  5. Fisheries management approaches • Ineffective controls • Monitoring and enforcement • Commitment • Community-based Fisheries Management (CBFM)/Co-management • CBFM is managing fish stocks (fish and shell fish) of lagoons and reefs by local communities with government providing supporting services • To target fishing communities, being resource users to take charge for responsible exploitation and management of their marine environment and its resources. • Principles • Maximum community participation • High motivation • A management system that is demand based • Development of alternative sources of seafood

  6. CBFM General approach • Undertakings by Fisheries Authority • Conducting base line study in MPA • Running training on aquaculture • Help in developing community rules into fisheries by-laws • Assist with the establishment of minimum size limits • Running community training • Develop alternatives i. Community workshops ii. Fisheries Advisory Committee iii. Approval of the Community Fisheries Management Plan • Undertakings by community- • Establishment of MPA • Establishment of Aquaculture • Setting community rules on fish size limits • Monitoring and enforcement of MPA and community rules • Support undertakings

  7. General management practices • Management tools • Protected area, fisheries reserve, MPAs, MMAs • Restricted fishing areas • Gear restrictions • Rotational/Seasonal closures • Permits/licensing • Size restrictions • Ban destructive fishing methods • Fisheries legislations • Alternative livelihood • Special Management Areas

  8. Implementing the CEAFM

  9. Implementing the Community-based Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (CEAFM) • CEAFM • Represents a combination of three different perspectives • Fisheries management • Ecosystem management • Community based management The management of fisheries, within an ecosystem context, by local communities, working with government and other partners

  10. Implementing the CEAFM A generalised SPC process for CEAFM Key principles for CEAFM • Simple process • Culturally appropriate • Motivation • Maximum participation • Traditional knowledge • Science to support community objectives • Consultative multi-disciplinary group • Demand-based • Adopt a precautionary approach • Manage human activities • Provide alternatives • Formal or legal basis for CEAFM

  11. For example…….. Marshall Islands

  12. American Samoa 1. First Meeting with Village Council Executive Order & CFMP Regulation Amendment 2. Group Meetings with the three targeted groups – Matai, Women, Aumaga 2a. Community Consultation Participatory approach (problems, causes, effects, solutions, actions, who?) Proposed model/approach 3. Village Fisheries Management Advisory Committee Draft Community Fisheries Management Plan ECOS Advisory Committee 4. Village Council Meeting Either rejects or approves plan • Community & DMWR for Implementation • OUTREACH SITE VISITS MONITORING ENFORCEMENT WORKSHOPS/TRAINING 6. Program Monitoring and Evaluation

  13. Constraints • Lack of appreciation of the vital role of marine ecosystems goods and services • government priorities often lie with commercial fisheries that provide foreign exchange. Subsistence fisheries provide food security, on-going health benefits, reduced requirements for imports of less healthy foods. • Lack of governance and lack of enforcement of existing regulations • Due to lack of funds, fisheries regulations are poorly enforced in fishing communities that are distributed over relatively long coastlines and on many smaller islands. • Lack of cooperation between the government agencies that must be involved • Lack of relevant legislation • Lack of funds/resources

  14. Summary……… • Precautionary approach • Adaptive management (as information becomes available) • CBFM critical • Effective monitoring and enforcement of management controls • Collaborations • Government, NGOs, communities, institutions etc…. • Expanding the management base • Legal framework • Community support • Alternatives • Science etc….

  15. Take-home message • Devise a workable model/approach • Principles etc.. • CEAFM • is a process not an event and its implementation is an ongoing task that will continue to involve authorities and community stakeholders as new issues and threats become apparent. • Alternatives

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