1 / 22

Mughal Empire

Mughal Empire. 1526-1707 Section 3. Babur “The Tiger” (1483-1530). Who: Babur What : Founder of the Mughal Empire India Why: Built up army & took over Delhi (1526) First Gunpowder Empire Expanded empire Laid foundations for great Mughal Empire.

landon
Télécharger la présentation

Mughal Empire

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Mughal Empire 1526-1707 Section 3

  2. Babur “The Tiger” (1483-1530) • Who: Babur • What: Founder of the Mughal Empire • India • Why: • Built up army & took over Delhi (1526) • First Gunpowder Empire • Expanded empire • Laid foundations for great Mughal Empire

  3. His son wasn’t great.. So his grandson took over…

  4. Akbar “The Great” (1556-1605) • Why: • Developed bureaucracy • Mansab, Mansabars (like regions & governors) • Improved taxes • Land tax • Jizya – levied non-muslim taxes • Religious Tolerance: • Hindu-Islam relations • Law codes • Hindus stayed under their law-Dharmashastra • Muslims – Shari’a Law, Akbar – Court of last resort • “Divine Faith” (his own religion)

  5. “Divine Faith” • All the world’s religions wrapped up into one • Mainly based on Islam • Stressed loyalty to Emperor • Monotheistic • Also had parts of: Jainism, Zoroastrianism, and Hinduism

  6. The Last Three Emperors

  7. 1. Jahangir • Akbar’s son • His wife was pretty much in charge.. • Her dismissal of one of his sons led the son to become Sikh = religious tension…

  8. “Sikhs” (NC) • Who: religious group the Mughals were against • What: Non-violent religious group that blended beliefs from Buddhism, Hinduism, & Sufism (Islamic Mysticism) • Where: India • When: 1600s • Why: • A Leader is a Guru- Sikhs are their disciples • They formed as a non-violent group that was a blend of religions which the Islamic Mughals didn’t like = tension!

  9. 2. Shah Jahan (1628-1658) • Why: • Military wars of conquest • Expanded empire once again • Put the empire back together • Moved capital to Delhi • Est. Amazing monuments... Such as…

  10. The Peacock Throne Red Fort

  11. Taj Mahal

  12. Where Shah Jahan lived

  13. More on the “Why” to Shah Jahan.. • The monuments took $$$ to make • = people paid more taxes • = people  • = famine & suffering! 

  14. 3. Aurangzeb (1658-1707) • Who: Aurangzeb, Shah Jahan’s 3rd son & successor • What: Mughal leader that imprisoned his father, killed his brothers & took over; Master at military strategy & aggressive empire builder • Why: • Wars of conquest • Empire expanded to greatest limits– too great = too $$$ • Last great conqueror of Mughal history • Oppressive on Hindus– more strict • Replaced Hindu temples • Taxes on Hindus • They had to obey Islamic law • System started falling apart • Individual states rebelled

  15. The comparisons between the 3:

  16. The Dynastic State • All Military creations • Rulers felt: land is their personal possessions • Emperors command the armies • Dismiss who they want at will • Grant land • Religion, ancestors- justify rules

  17. Dynastic Changes • Compete for succession • Mughals and Safavids kill • Ottomans isolate men in palaces

  18. Economics • Use crops from the Americas • Maize, potatoes • Convinced tobacco is good for medicinal purposes • Coffee houses develop • Moral decline • Sultan outlaws them • Doesn’t work

  19. Trade • All had been centers of trade • Ottomans trade esp. w. France and GB • Safavid center= Isfahan • Mughals= traded w. all major Europeans

  20. Population • India- New crops and growing agricultural economy causes population to grow • Ottoman Empire • Population skyrockets bc of expanding boundaries • Declines after 1700 bc of loss of territory

  21. What about the Religious Minorities? • People did not HAVE to convert to Islam • Paid tax (jizya) • Akbar abolishes this • Auranhzeb reinstates it • Protected people– Dhimmi

  22. THE END… • Ottomans: Lost territories slowly first in Egypt then Europeans and Russia got into it ends officially after WWI • Safavids: Afghans block Isfahan Cannibalism Abdication Execution • Mughals: Post-Aurangzeb= Rebellions • Invasions British rule

More Related