Classical China: The Qin and Han Dynasties and Their Philosophical Foundations

Jan 13, 2026

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This lecture explores the major developments during the Qin and Han dynasties of Classical China. The Qin dynasty established a unified imperial structure that the Han dynasty expanded upon. Trade and cross-cultural exchanges flourished during this era. Additionally, Confucianism emerged as the dominant philosophy, shaping governance and society. The lecture includes an examination of Legalism through Han Fei's perspectives, as well as an introduction to Laozi and Daoism, highlighting their critiques of Confucianism and Legalism.

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Classical China: The Qin and Han Dynasties and Their Philosophical Foundations

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Ancient World History Lecture #8 Classical China
Qin = Chin • Han = Hahn
Classical China • The Qin dynasty created an integrated imperial structure, which the Han dynasty continued. • Cross-cultural exchange increased during the Han dynasty with more trade. • Confucianism developed and became the chief philosophy of China.

Legalism 1. Who was Han Fei? 2. According to Han Fei, what role did law play in society? How should the ruler use the law? 3. According to Han Fei, why should rulers rather than ministers regulate the use of punishments and rewards of the law?
Laozi and Daoism • Who was the Laozi and what was the Dao De Jing? • What was the way or the Dao? How did one find the way? • What are the criticisms of Confucianism and Legalism in the Dao De Jing?
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