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BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING A New, Promising Interdisciplinary Field

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING A New, Promising Interdisciplinary Field. Wei R. Chen, Ph.D. Professor Director of Biomedical Engineering Program Department of Physics and Engineering University of Central Oklahoma. September 13, 2005 UCO Intro to Engineering Class. OUTLINE.

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BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING A New, Promising Interdisciplinary Field

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  1. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERINGA New, Promising Interdisciplinary Field Wei R. Chen, Ph.D.ProfessorDirector ofBiomedical Engineering ProgramDepartment of Physics and EngineeringUniversity of Central Oklahoma September 13, 2005 UCO Intro to Engineering Class

  2. OUTLINE • What is Biomedical Engineering • Professions in BME • Jobs for Biomedical Engineering Graduates • BME in US -- current status • The New BME program at UCO • Program design and curriculum • Examples of Research in BME • Biomedical imaging of cancer • Biomedical engineering modalities for cancer treatment

  3. WHAT IS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING • Application of engineering skills, principles, and tools to problems in biology, medicine, and health care • Interdisciplinary field requiring a unique curriculum that provides students with an understanding of both engineering principles and the life sciences

  4. WHAT DO BME STUDENTS LEARN • Basic human physiology and functions • Human biological systems in terms of fundamental physics and engineering principles • Basic chemistry knowledge and laboratory techniques • Knowledge of biomaterials, biomechanics and related fields

  5. WHAT DO BME STUDENTS LEARN • Latest instrumentation and methodologies in biomedical engineering • Use computers in a biomedical setting • Research experience in biomedical settings • Practical biomedical engineering experience through job-related training, industrial internships, and biomedical design projects

  6. WHERE DO BME UNDERGRADUATES GO • Professional Workforce • Medical device and process manufacturers • Medical research organizations • Government medical agencies and hospitals • Graduate Schools • Biomedical engineering • Other engineering and related disciplines • Other Professional Schools • Medical, dental, and law

  7. JOBS FOR BME GRADUATES • designing and constructing cardiac pacemakers, defibrillators, artificial kidneys, blood oxygenators, hearts, blood vessels, joints, arms, and legs. • designing computer systems to monitor patients during surgery or in intensive care, or to monitor healthy persons in unusual environments, such as astronauts in space or underwater divers at great depth.

  8. JOBS FOR BME GRADUATES • designing and building sensors to measure blood chemistry, such as potassium, sodium, O2, CO2, and pH. • designing instruments and devices for therapeutic uses, such as a laser system for eye surgery or a device for automated delivery of insulin. • constructing and implementing mathematical/computer models of physiological systems.

  9. JOBS FOR BME GRADUATES • designing clinical laboratories and other units within the hospital and health care delivery system that utilize advanced technology. • designing, building and investigating medical imaging systems based on X-rays (computer assisted tomography), isotopes (position emission tomography), magnetic fields (magnetic resonance imaging), ultrasound, or newer modalities.

  10. JOBS FOR BME GRADUATES • designing and constructing biomaterials and determining the mechanical, transport, and biocompatibility properties of implantable artificial materials. • investigating the biomechanics of injury and wound healing.

  11. JOBS FOR BME GRADUATES • implementing new diagnostic procedures, especially those requiring engineering analyses to determine parameters that are not directly accessible to measurements, such as in the lungs or heart.

  12. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN THE UNITED STATES • History • Starting in 1960’s • Johns Hopkins University • Current Status • 117 colleges and universities • 102 undergraduate degree programs • 105 master’s degree programs • 101 doctoral degree programs The Whitaker Foundation, 2005

  13. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING INTHE UNITED STATES • In the Past Twenty Years • BME Undergraduate Enrollment • UP 200% • BME Graduate Enrollment • UP 300% • Other Engineering Enrollment • Slightly decline

  14. The Whitaker Foundation, 2001

  15. U.S. Department of Labor, 2002

  16. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING JOBS Average Starting Salary Offer (2001):Bachelor BME Candidate: $47,850Master BME Candidate: $62,600 Survey, National Association of Colleges and Employers, 2002

  17. UCO BME GRADUATES Graduate SchoolsEnvironment CompaniesBME Software ApplicationsOther Transitional work

  18. NEW BME UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM AT UCO • Business Trend • Biotechnology booming • Next major discipline (PRISM, Sept. 1999) • Employment • Increasing demands (World, U.S. and OK) • Important, fulfilling profession • High pay • Saving lives

  19. BIOTECH INDUSTRY IN OKLAHOMA • Early development stage • Shortage of trained BME personnel • Lack of undergraduate BME program • Companies leave states • Students leave states to pursue BME education (to Texas)

  20. BME CURRICULUM PROGRAM AT UCOConcentration A: Pre-Medicine • Biology: 11 hours • Chemistry: 25 hours • Engineering: 39 hours • Math and Computer Science: 14 hours • Physics: 8 hours • General Ed: 29 hours • Total: 126 hours

  21. BME CURRICULUM PROGRAM AT UCOConcentration B: Bio-Instrumentation • Biology: 11 hours • Chemistry: 10 hours • Engineering: 45 hours • Math and Computer Science: 14 hours • Physics: 18 hours • General Ed: 29 hours • Total: 127 hours

  22. BME PROGRAM AT UCO • Major Goals • Provide Oklahoma students with an opportunity to pursue a BME undergraduate degree • Prepare students to pursue a BME doctoral degree at OU Bioengineering Center and OSU Center for Laser and Photonics Research • Establish, in collaboration with OU, OUHSC, OSU and health industries, a regional center for BME undergraduate education

  23. BME PROGRAM AT UCO • Major Goals • Facilitate for students with associate degree in BME from community colleges to pursue a BS degree in BME • Establish collaboration with local biomedical companies for internship and job training • Graduate at least ten students each year with BS degree in BME, with at least five students continuing BME education in graduate school

  24. SUPPORT FOR THE BME PROGRAM AT UCO • Support from departments of Colleges of Math and Science at UCO • Biology • Chemistry • Computer Science • Mathematics • Physics and Engineering

  25. SUPPORT FOR THE BME PROGRAM AT UCO • Support from External Institutions • OU Health Center • OU Bioengineering Center • OU Department of Physiology and Biophysics • OU Department of Cell Biology • OSU Veterinary Laser Surgery Center • OSU Sensor Technology Center

  26. SUPPORT FOR THE BME PROGRAM AT UCO • Support from Oklahoma Industry • UroCor • ZymeTx • Wound Healing of Oklahoma • SoundTech • Nanomagnetic • Etc.

  27. CURRENT BME COURSES • Principle of Biomedical Engineering • Introduction to applications of physics and engineering principles to biomedical systems • Study of biomedical functions of the human body using mechanics, electricity and magnetism, optics, and thermodynamics • Responses of human biomedical functions to different bioengineering applications

  28. NEW BME COURSES AT UCO • Signals and Control Systems & Lab • Signal Analysis in Time Domain • Signal Analysis in Frequency Domain • System Controls • Background Information and Experiments

  29. NEW BME COURSES AT UCO • Biomedical Imaging • Introduction to applications of physics and engineering principles in medical diagnostics and treatment • Methods and instrumentation in biomedical imaging such as x-ray, MRI, and ultrasound, etc. • Biomedical imaging processing

  30. NEW BME COURSES AT UCO • Biomedical Instrumentation • Measurement of analysis of biological systems • Components of instrumentation: • Transducer, circuits • Display and analysis of biomedical signals • Data acquisition and controls • Safety

  31. NEW BME COURSES AT UCO • BME Senior Engineering Design I & II • Identify design-related project • Written project proposal • Team work • Design, develop, test, and evaluate project • Project report

  32. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING – PRODUCE OF SYNERGISM • DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES • Physical Sciences – Physics and Chemistry • Mathematics and Computer • Biological Sciences and Medicine • Engineering • DIFFERENT EFFORTS • Education • Health Care • Industry

  33. BME RESEARCH AT UCO • Cancer Treatment Using Selective Photothermal Interactions • Dye targeted tissue • Noninvasive laser treatment • Photo Dynamic Immuno Therapy in Treatment of Metastatic Tumors • Laser • Laser-absorbing dye • Immunoadjuvant

  34. BME RESEARCH AT UCO • X-Ray Biomedical Imaging • Breast cancer detection • Imaging guided laser treatment • Laser-Tissue Interactions • Energy and temperature distributions • Experiments • Monte Carlo simulations

  35. EXAMPLES OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AT UCO • Photo Dynamic Immuno Therapy • Dye-immunoadjuvant injection • Noninvasive laser irradiation • Long-term survival • Resistance to tumor rechallenge • Adoptive immunity transfer • Treatment of metastatic tumors

  36. X-Ray Tube Rat Scintillator Optical Lens CCD

  37. (a) (b)

  38. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN RESEARCH • Tumor Detection • Imaging technique • Tumor localization for injection • Distribution of Drug in Tumor • Transport phenomenon • Chemical engineering

  39. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN RESEARCH • Laser Energy Delivery-Engineering • Dosage calculation and optimization • Optical system for energy delivery • Engineering design • Thermal Tissue Interaction • Energy and temperature distribution • Mathematics and computer modeling

  40. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN RESEARCH • Optimization of Laser Treatment • Laser parameters • Dye dose: concentration & volume • Immunoadjuvant dose: concentration & volume • Anti-Tumor Immune Response • Tumor immunology • Molecular biology

  41. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN RESEARCH • Interdisciplinary Research • Biology • Chemistry • Physics • Engineering • Mathematics • Computer modeling

  42. FURTHER INFORMATION ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING • Biomedical Engineering Handbook • Related Web Sites: • Biomedical Engineering Society • http://mecca.org/BME/BMES/society/ • The Whitaker Foundation for BME • http://www.whitaker.org/ • BME Net • http://www.bmenet.org/BMEnet/

  43. FURTHER INFORMATION ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING • Related Web Sites: • BME Program at Johns Hopkins University • http://www.bme.jhu.edu/ • BME Program at University of Virginia • http://www.med.virginia.edu/bme/ • BME Program at Texas A&M University • http://biomed.tamu.edu/

  44. THE END

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